Staff Profile
Professor Ben Bridgens
Professor of Regenerative Architecture
- Address: Building Science, Room 2.04,
School of Architecture, Planning & Landscape
Building Science
Newcastle University
Newcastle upon Tyne
NE1 7RU
UK
Background
Ben Bridgens is Professor of Regenerative Architecture in the School of Architecture, Planning & Landscape at Newcastle University, and he is Co-Director of the Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment (HBBE, www.bbe.ac.uk). Ben’s research and teaching is driven by the question: “Can we move beyond ‘sustainability’ and create a built environment which has positive impacts: that is beneficial and enriching to the natural environment, that does not degrade but performs better as it ages, that is a pleasure to construct, and is delightful to inhabit?”
Ben works at the interface of engineering, architecture and design, critically examining ‘sustainable’ technologies and exploring the potential for combining traditional construction practices with biotechnology and natural systems to go beyond sustainability and create a regenerative built environment.
Recent projects include The Living Room, a large-scale freestanding structure made from mycelium, waste materials and wool which is on display in the Farrell Centre in Newcastle-upon-Tyne (http://bbe.ac.uk/the-living-room/) and RESPIRE, a research project funded by the Leverhulme Trust which aims to develop passive, responsive breathable building skins (http://bbe.ac.uk/respire-project/).
Ben led the design and construction of an experimental house on the Newcastle University campus called 'The OME’, and co-leads the HBBE’s ‘Responsible Interactions’ theme which seeks to ensure that HBBE research is ethical and responsible, developed through extensive interaction and collaboration, and can be scaled up and applied beneficially in the built environment.
Qualifications
PhD Structural Engineering (Newcastle University, 2005): “Architectural fabric properties: determination, representation & prediction”
MEng Civil Engineering (Durham University, 2000)
Memberships
CEng MICE Chartered Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers
Research Interests
Ben Bridgens is Professor of Regenerative Architecture in the School of Architecture, Planning & Landscape at Newcastle University, and Co-Director of the Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment (HBBE, www.bbe.ac.uk). Ben’s work is driven by the question: “Can we move beyond ‘sustainability’ and create a built environment which has positive impacts: that is beneficial and enriching to the natural environment, that does not degrade but performs better as it ages, that is a pleasure to construct, and is delightful to inhabit?”
Ben works at the interface of engineering, architecture and design, critically examining ‘sustainable’ technologies and exploring the potential for combining traditional construction practices with biotechnology and natural systems to go beyond sustainability and create a regenerative built environment.
Google Scholar profile: http://tinyurl.com/bridgens-google
Researchgate profile: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ben_Bridgens
Current projects include:
The Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment www.bbe.ac.uk The Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment (HBBE) is a joint £8 million initiative between Newcastle University and Northumbria University. Our vision is to develop biotechnologies to create a new generation of Living Buildings which are responsible and responsive to their natural environment; grown using living engineered materials to reduce inefficient industrial construction processes; metabolise their own waste, reducing pollution, generate energy and high-value products and modulate their microbiome to benefit human and ecological health and wellbeing. Ben led the design and construction of an experimental house on the Newcastle University campus called 'The OME’, and co-leads the HBBE’s ‘Responsible Interactions’ theme which seeks to ensure that HBBE research is ethical and responsible, developed through extensive interaction and collaboration, and can be scaled up and applied beneficially in the built environment.
The Living Room http://bbe.ac.uk/the-living-room/ is part of More with Less: Reimagining Architecture for a Changing World https://www.farrellcentre.org.uk/explore/more-with-less, the inaugural exhibition at the Farrell Centre, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, which offers new visions for architecture in the face of the climate emergency. The Living Room is a large-scale bio-fabricated architecture that is grown using locally available waste materials. It is composed of Herdwick wool, a breed of sheep native to the Lake District in north-west England, a mix of sawdust and wastepaper from local mills, and mycelium spores. The use of waste materials benefits regional industries and demonstrates a means to dramatically reduce the environmental impact of construction, whilst allowing us to reimagine the spaces that we inhabit. Our work is a reaction to rigid, hard, permanent buildings, instead we have created a soft, cosy, snug internal space with thick sculpted walls, which can be composted when no longer required.
Press coverage https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2023/apr/19/woollen-home-newcastle-terry-farrell-centre
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-65346052
RESPIRE: Passive, Responsive, Variable Porosity Building Skins is a Leverhulme Trust funded research project which seeks to create a new generation of low-cost, low-environmental impact, responsive building skins that moderate internal temperature and humidity by varying their porosity. The transformative approach of the Respire project would improve internal air quality and eliminate the need for energy-intensive, high-maintenance mechanical ventilation systems, enabling fully passive, zero-energy buildings.
http://bbe.ac.uk/respire-project/
Current PhD supervision
Assia Stefanova (Application of living metabolic processes within buildings)
Layla van Ellen (Large-scale application of biological architectural materials)
Aileen Hoenerloh (bio-digital fabrication)
Emily Birch (microbial spore based hygrmorphic materials)
John Naylor (How can architects increase the use of full-culm bamboo to provide adequate urban housing in tropical developing economies?)
Recently completed PhD students
Artem Holstov (Hygromorphic materials for sustainable responsive architecture)
Nicola Bartle (A probabilistic material framework for the analysis of fabric structures)
Alex Colman (A pragmatic approach to determining the mechanical behaviour of structural fabrics)
Chris Iliffe (A predictive model for the design of functional textiles)
Ben Bridgens contributes to undergraduate architectural technology modules and dissertation supervision, leads an M.Arch architectural design studio, and runs M.Arch Linked Research projects.
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Articles
- Kaiser R, Bridgens B, Elsacker E, Scott J. BioKnit: development of mycelium paste for use with permanent textile formwork. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology 2023, 11, 1229693.
- van Ellen L, Bridgens B, Burford N, Crown M, Heidrich O. Adaptability of space habitats using the Rhythmic Buildings strategy. Acta Astronautica 2023, 211, 764-780.
- Crawford A, In-na P, Caldwell G, Armstrong R, Bridgens B. Clay 3D printing as a bio-design research tool: development of photosynthetic living building components. Architectural Science Review 2022, 65(3), 185-195.
- van Ellen LA, Bridgens BN, Burford N, Heidrich O. Rhythmic Buildings - a framework for sustainable adaptable architecture. Building and Environment 2021, 203, 108068.
- Stefanova A, In-na P, Caldwell GS, Bridgens B, Armstrong R. Photosynthetic textile biocomposites: using laboratory testing and digital fabrication to develop flexible living building materials. Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 2021, 28(1), 223-236.
- Birch E, Bridgens B, Zhang M, Dade-Robertson M. Bacterial spore-based hygromorphs: A novel active material with potential for architectural applications. Sustainability 2021, 13(7), 4030.
- Bridgens B. How biotechnology can transform delivery and operation of the built environment. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Civil Engeering 2020, 173(1), 13-13.
- Stefanova A, Bridgens B, In-na P, Caldwell GS, Armstrong R. Architectural laboratory practice for the development of clay and ceramic-based photosynthetic biocomposites. Technology | Architecture + Design 2020, 4(2), 200-210.
- Bridgens B, Lilley D, Zeilig H, Searing C. Skin deep. Perceptions of human and material ageing and opportunities for design. The Design Journal 2019, 22(sup1), 2251-2255.
- Bridgens B, Hobson K, Lilley D, Lee J, Scott JL, Wilson GT. Closing the Loop on E-waste: A Multidisciplinary Perspective. Journal of Industrial Ecology 2019, 23(1), 169-181.
- Lilley D, Bridgens B, Davies A, Holstov A. Ageing (dis)gracefully: enabling designers to understand material change. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 220, 417-430.
- Pedgley O, Şener B, Lilley D, Bridgens B. Embracing Material Surface Imperfections in Product Design. International Journal of Design 2018, 12(3), 21-33.
- Bridgens B, Powell M, Farmer G, Walsh CL, Reed E, Royapoor M, Gosling P, Hall J, Heidrich O. Creative upcycling: reconnecting people, materials and place through making. Journal of Cleaner Production 2018, 189, 145-154.
- Oyebamiji OK, Wilkinson DJ, Pahala-Gedara J, Rushton SP, Li B, Bridgens B, Zuliani P. A Bayesian approach to modelling the impact of hydrodynamic shear stress on biofilm deformation. PLOS ONE 2018, 13(4), e0195484.
- Holstovs A, Farmer G, Bridgens B. Sustainable Materialisation of Responsive Architecture. Sustainability 2017, 9(3), 435.
- Jayathilake P, Jana S, Rushton S, Swailes D, Bridgens B, Curtis T, Chen J. Extracellular Polymeric Substance Production and Aggregated Bacteria Colonization Influence the Competition of Microbes in Biofilms. Frontiers in Microbiology 2017, 8, 1-14.
- Jayathilake PG, Gupta P, Li B, Madsen C, Oyebamiji O, Gonzalez-Cabaleiro R, Rushton S, Bridgens B, Swailes D, Allen B, McGough AS, Zuliani P, Ofiteru ID, Wilkinson DJ, Chen J, Curtis TP. A mechanistic individual-based model of microbial communities. PLoS One 2017, 12(8), e0181965.
- Lilley D, Smalley G, Bridgens BN, Wilson GT, Balasundaram K. Cosmetic obsolescence? User perceptions of new and artificially aged materials. Materials and Design 2016, 101, 355-365.
- Ammar Y, Swailes DC, Bridgens BN, Chen J. Influence of surface roughness on the initial formation of biofilm. Surface and Coatings Technology 2015, 284, 410-416.
- Holstov A, Bridgens BN, Farmer G. Hygromorphic materials for sustainable responsive architecture. Construction and Building Materials 2015, 98, 570-582.
- Colman AG, Bridgens BN, Gosling PD, Jou GT, Hsu XY. Shear behaviour of architectural fabrics subjected to biaxial tensile loads. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 2014, 66, 163-174.
- Gosling PD, Bridgens BN, Zhang L. Adoption of a reliability approach for membrane structure analysis. Structural Safety 2013, 40, 39-50.
- Bridgens BN, Gosling PD, Jou G-T, Hsu X-Y. Inter-laboratory comparison of biaxial tests for architectural textiles. Journal of the Textile Institute 2012, 103(7), 706-718.
- Bridgens BN, Birchall MJS. Form and function: the significance of material properties in the design of tensile fabric structures. Engineering Structures 2012, 44, 1-12.
- Gosling PD, Bridgens BN, Albrecht A, Alpermann H, Angeleri A, Barnes M, Bartle N, Canobbio R, Dieringer F, Gellin S, Lewis W, Mageau N, Mahadevan R, Marion J-M, Marsden P, Milligan E, Phang YP, Sahlin K, Stimpfle B, Suire O, Uhlemann J. Analysis and design of membrane structures: results of a round robin exercise. Engineering Structures 2012, 48, 313-328.
- Gosling PD, Bridgens BN. Material testing & computational mechanics: a new philosophy for architectural fabrics. International Journal of Space Structures 2008, 23(4), 215-232.
- Bridgens BN, Gosling PD, Birchall MJS. Tensile fabric structures: concepts, practice & developments. Structural Engineer 2004, 82(14), 21-27.
- Bridgens BN, Gosling PD, Birchall MJS. Membrane material behaviour: concepts, practice and developments. Structural Engineer 2004, 82(14), 28-33.
- Bridgens BN, Gosling PD. Direct stress-strain representation for coated woven fabrics. Computers & Structures 2004, 82(23-26), 1913-1927.
- Bridgens BN, Gosling PD. A new biaxial test protocol for architectural fabrics. Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures 2004, 45(3), 175-182.
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Book Chapters
- Holstovs A, Bridgens B, Farmer G. Towards Passively Responsive Biomimetic Architecture. In: Mitra Kanaani, ed. The Routledge Companion to Ecological Design Thinking: Healthful Ecotopian Visions for Architecture and Urbanism. London: Routledge, 2023, pp.285-292.
- Scott J, Elsacker E, Kaiser R, Agraviador A, Bridgens B, Topcu A, Ozkan D, Birch E, Perry O. Hi-tech / Low-tech / Bio-tech Crafting the BioKnit Prototype. In: Morrow R; Bridgens B; Mackenzie L, ed. Bioprotopia : Designing the Built Environment With Living Organisms. Basel: Birkhauser, 2023, pp.60-75.
- Bridgens B. Building Practice: Looking Beyond 'Net-Zero' to Regenerative Architecture. In: Morrow R; Bridgens B; Mackenzie L, ed. Bioprotopia: Designing the Built Environment with Living Organisms. Basel, Switzerland: Birkhauser, 2023, pp.18-33.
- Bridgens BN, Gosling PD. A predictive fabric model for membrane structure design. In: Oñate E; Kröplin B, ed. Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures II. Dordrecht: Springer, 2008, pp.35-50.
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Conference Proceedings (inc. Abstracts)
- Scott J, Bridgens B, Ozkan D, Kaiser R. The Living Room: Transitioning to Regional Waste Streams for BioHybrid Textile Production. In: CEES 2nd International conference on Construction Energy, Environment and Sustainability. 2023, Funchal, Portugal.
- Scott J, Bridgens B, Ozkan D, Kaiser R, Agraviador A. The Living Room Knitting as a strategy to redefine the architectural possibilities of mycelium biofabrication in the Built Environment. In: ACADIA 2023 Habits of the Anthropocene. 2023, Denver, Colorado, USA: ACADIA.
- Pynirtzi N, Debnath KB, Lantzanakis G, Bloch K, Scott J, Davie C, Bridgens B. Evaluating the Humidity Responsiveness of Bacterial Cellulose for Application in Responsive, Breathable Building Skins. In: International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials (ICBBM 2023). 2023, Vienna, Austria: Springer.
- Scott J, Kaiser R, Ozkan D, Hoenerloh A, Agraviador A, Elsacker E, Bridgens B. Knitted cultivation: Textiling a multi-kingdom bio architecture. In: ICSA Structures and Architecture. 2022, Aalborg Denmark: CRC press.
- Debnath KB, Jenkins DP, Patidar S, Peacock A, Bridgens B, Mitrani H. Climate Change and Megacities: South Asian Mega-cities are in extreme heat stress. In: 36th PLEA Conference 2022: Sustainable Architecture and Urban Design. 2022, Santiago, Chile: PLEA.
- Morrow R, Bloch K, Zhang M, Jiang Y, Loh J, Bridgens B. Opportunities and Challenges of Bacterial Cellulose as a Façade Material. In: CEES 2021 - 1st International Conference on Construction, Energy, Environment and Sustainability. 2021, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Scott J, Ozkan D, Hoenerloh A, Birch E, Kaiser R, Agraviador A, Bridgens B, Elsacker E. Bioknit Building: Strategies for living textile architectures. In: International Conference Construction, Energy Environment and Sustainability (CEES 2021). 2021, Coimbra, Portugal: Itecons.
- Sung K, Singh J, Bridgens B, Cooper T. Introduction: State-of-the-Art Upcycling Research and Practice. In: International Upcycling Symposium 2020. 2020, Virtual: Springer Nature.
- Heidrich O, Bridgens B. Cafe Waste and Upcycling to reconnect people, materials and places. In: 10th International Conference of the International Society for Industrial Ecology (ISIE2019). 2019, Beijing, China: International Society for Industrial Ecology.
- Bridgens B, Lilley D. Design for Next… Year. The Challenge of Designing for Material Change. In: Design for Next: 12th European Academy of Design Conference. 2017, Sapienza University of Rome: European Academy of Design.
- Manley A, Lilley D, Bridgens B, Hurn K, Lofthouse V. Worn in or Worn out?: Cosmetic Wear and Attitudinal Responses to Materials. In: 9th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. 2016, Gothenburg, Sweden: ACM.
- Holstov A, Farmer G, Bridgens B. Implementing hygromorphic wood composites into responsive building skins. In: 11th Conference on Advanced Building Skins. 2016, Bern, Switzerland: Advanced Building Skins GmbH.
- Holstov A, Morris P, Farmer G, Bridgens B. Towards sustainable adaptive building skins with embedded hygromorphic responsiveness. In: advanced building skins. 2015, Graz University of Technology, Austria.
- Wilson GT, Bridgens BN, Hobson K, Lee J, Lilley D, Scott JL, Suckling J. Single product, multi-lifetime components: challenges for Product-Service System development. In: PLATE: Product Lifetimes and The Environment. 2015, Nottingham, UK: Nottingham Trent University: CADBE.
- Ammar Y, Swailes DC, Bridgens BN, Chen J. Influence of surface roughness on initial formation of biofilm. In: 42nd International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films. 2015, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Bridgens BN, Lilley D, Smalley G, Balasundaram K. Ageing gracefully to increase product longevity. In: PLATE: Product Lifetimes and The Environment. 2015, Nottingham, UK: Nottingham Trent University: College of Architecture Design and the Built Environment.
- Gosling P, Bartle N, Bridgens BN. Aleatoric & epistemic uncertainty in the analysis of tensile structures. In: 11th World Congress on Computational Mechanics (WCCM XI) 5th European Conference on Computational Mechanics (ECCM V) 6th European Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics (ECFD VI). 2014, Barcelona, Spain.
- Iliffe CN, Bridgens BN, Gosling PD. A predictive model for the design of functional textiles structural membranes 2013. In: Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures VI - Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures, Structures Membranes 2013. 2013, Munich, Germany.
- Iliffe CN, Bridgens BN, Gosling PD. A Predictive Model for the Design of Functional Textiles. In: VI International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures. 2013, Munich, Germany.
- Gosling PD, Bridgens BN. Specification of a round robin exercise for the design of membrane structures. In: Tensinet Symposium: Tensile Architecture: Connecting Past and Future. 2010, Sofia, Bulgaria: GSP.
- Wang CH, Mills JP, Gosling PD, Bridgens B, Grisdale RJ. MONITORING THE TESTING, CONSTRUCTION AND AS-BUILT CONDITION OF MEMBRANE STRUCTURES BY CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY. In: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ISPRS COMMISSION V MID-TERM SYMPOSIUM CLOSE RANGE IMAGE MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES. 2010, BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY: COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH.
- Wang CH, Mills JP, Gosling PD, Bridgens B, Grisdale RJ. Monitoring the testing, construction and as-built condition of membrane structures by close range photogrammetry. In: International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. 2010, Newcastle, UK: ISPRS.
- Bridgens BN, Gosling PD. Interpretation of results from the MSAJ "Testing Method for Elastic Constants of Membrane Materials". In: Tensinet Symposium: Tensile Architecture: Connecting Past and Future. 2010, Sofia, Bulgaria: GSP.
- Gosling PD, Zhang L. A non-safety factor approach to the design of membrane structures. In: Tensinet Symposium: Tensile Architecture: Connecting Past and Future. 2010, Sofia, Bulgaria: GSP.
- Bridgens B, Gosling P. A predictive model for flexible woven composites. In: International SAMPE Symposium and Exhibition. 2009, Baltimore, MD, USA: SAMPE.
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Edited Books
- Morrow R, Bridgens B, Mackenzie L, ed. Bioprotopia: Designing the Built Environment with Living Organisms. Basel, Switzerland: Birkhäuser, 2023.
- Sung K, Singh J, Bridgens B, ed. State-of-the-art upcycling research and practice: proceedings of the international upcycling symposium 2020. Switzerland: Springer Nature, 2021.