Staff Profile

Area of Expertise

Nanotechnology, Electrochemistry

Google Scholar

I am a member of the Chemical Nanoscience Laboratory and our research focus is on the design & synthesis of new nanomaterials and the investigation of their properties.

Nanowires

We prepare nanowires by templating reactions on DNA molecules; these nanowires can be very long (>10 mm) and smooth^1,2. Metals³, binary semiconductors⁴, oxides⁵, and conductive polymers can all be template in the form of nanowires by this technique^6,7.

1. Houlton A, Pike AR, Galindo MA, Horrocks BR. DNA-based routes to semiconducting nanomaterials. Chemical Communications 2009, (14), 1797-1806.

2. Watson SMD, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Equilibrium and non-equilibrium thermodynamics of templating reactions for the formation of nanowires. Nanotechnology 2012, 23(50), 505603.

3. Hinai M N, Hassanien R, Wright N G, Horsfall A B, Houlton A and Horrocks BR. Networks of DNA-templated palladium nanowires: structural and electrical characterisation and their use as hydrogen gas sensors. Faraday Discuss., 2013, Advance Article DOI: 0.1039/C3FD00017F.

4. Dong L, Hollis T, Connolly BA, Wright NG, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. DNA-templated semiconductor nanoparticle chains and wires. Advanced Materials 2007, 19(13), 1748-1751.

5. Mohamed HDA, Watson SMD, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Magnetic and conductive magnetite nanowires by DNA-templating. Nanoscale 2012, 4(19), 5936-5945.

6. Pruneanu S, Al-Said SAF, Dong L, Hollis TA, Galindo MA, Wright NG, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Self-assembly of DNA-templated polypyrrole nanowires: Spontaneous formation of conductive nanoropes. Advanced Functional Materials 2008, 18(16), 2444-2454.

7. Hassanien R, Al-Hinai M, Al-Said SAF, Little R, Siller L, Wright NG, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Preparation and Characterization of Conductive and Photoluminescent DNA-Templated Polyindole Nanowires. ACS Nano 2010, 4(4), 2149-2159.

Quantum dots

Silicon quantum dots are of interest for applications in confocal fluorescence imaging in cell biology and because of their unusual photophysical behaviour. We are currently investigating metal-enhanced luminescence¹, photocharging², endocytosis of SiQDs³, and their use in assays for osteoclastic bone resorption⁴.

 1. Harun NA, Benning MJ, Horrocks BR, Fulton DA. Gold nanoparticle-enhanced luminescence of silicon quantum dots co-encapsulated in polymer nanoparticles. Nanoscale 2013, (epub ahead of print).

2. Rostron RJ, Chao Y, Roberts G, Horrocks BR. Simultaneous photocharging and luminescence intermittency in silicon nanocrystals. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 2009, 21(23), 235301.

3. Alsharif NH, Berger CEM, Varanasi SS, Chao Y, Horrocks BR, Datta HK. Alkyl-Capped Silicon Nanocrystals Lack Cytotoxicity and have Enhanced Intracellular Accumulation in Malignant Cells via Cholesterol-Dependent Endocytosis. Small 2009, 5(2), 221-228.

4. Alsharif NH, Al-Said SAF, Birch MA, Horrocks BR, Datta HK. Real-time activity bioassay of single osteoclasts using a silicon nanocrystal-impregnated artificial matrix. Small 2013, 9(epub ahead of print).

Current Teaching

NES1404 Fundamentals of Physical Chemistry#

NES2404 Physical Chemistry#

NES3404 Physical and Computational Chemistry#

NES8408 Energy and Materials

NES8400 Research Project

NES8002 Research Dissertation Project

# module leader

• Articles

  • Saunders L, Mudashiru LK, Baron R, Horrocks BR. Diffusion Models of Mass Transport for the Characterisation of Amperometric Gas Sensors. ChemElectroChem 2024, Epub ahead of print.
  • McGarry LF, El-Zubir O, Waddell PG, Cucinotta F, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Vesicles, fibres, films and crystals: A low-molecular-weight-gelator [Au(6-thioguanosine)2]Cl which exhibits a co-operative anion-induced transition from vesicles to a fibrous metallo-hydrogel. Soft Matter 2023, 19, 8386-8402.
  • Oyem HH, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Silver nanoclusters prepared in water-in-oil emulsions. Nano Express 2023, 3(4), 045009.
  • El-Zubir O, Rojas Martinez P, Dura G, Doherty C, Cucinotta F, Mackenzie LE, Pal R, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Hierarchical self-assembly in an RNA-based coordination polymer hydrogel. Dalton Transactions 2023, 52(17), 5545-5551.
  • Gamini Rajapakse RM, Horrocks BR, Gunarathna HMNP, Malikaramage AU, Egodawele MGSAMEWDDK, Herath Lahiru Sandakelum WHMRNK, Bandara VMYSU, Bowatta WVNS, Susanthi Jayasinghe JM, Seneviratne VN, Ranatunga U, Perera LLK, Dassanayake SM, Udawatte CP. Computational analysis and experimental verification of donor–acceptor behaviour of berberine, and its co-oligomers and co-polymers with ethylenedıoxythıophene. Scientific Reports 2023, 13, 20186.
  • Rajapakse RMG, Horrocks BR, Malikaramage AU, Gunarathna HMNP, Egodawele MGSAMEWDDK, Jayasinghe JMS, Ranatunga U, Herath WHMRNK, Sandakelum L, Wylie S, Abewardana PGPR, Seneviratne VN, Perera LLK, Velauthapillai D. Berberine isolation from Coscinium fenestratum: optical, electrochemical, and computational studies. RSC Advances 2023, 13(25), 17062-17073.
  • Ali SB, Oshido AB, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Models for sensing by nanowire networks: application to organic vapour detection by multiwall carbon nanotube—DNA films. Nanotechnology 2022, 33, 045502.
  • GaminiRajapakse RM, Watkins DL, Ranathunge TA, Malikaramage AU, Gunarathna HMNP, Sandakelum L, Wylie S, Abewardana PGPR, Egodawele MGSAMEWDDK, Herath WHMRNK, Bandara SV, Strongin DR, Attanayake NH, Velauthapillai D, Horrocks BR. Implementing the donor–acceptor approach in electronically conducting copolymers via electropolymerization. RSC Advances 2022, 12, 12089 - 12115.
  • El-Zubir O, Martinez PR, Dura G, Al-Mahamad LLG, Pope T, Penfold TJ, Mackenzie LE, Pal R, Mosely J, Cucinotta F, McGarry LF, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Circularly polarised luminescence in an RNA-based homochiral, self-repairing, coordination polymer hydrogel. Journal of Materials Chemistry C 2022, 10(18), 7329-7335.
  • Ye Q, Xu X, Paghi A, Bamford T, Horrocks BR, Houlton A, Barillaro G, Dimitrov S, Palma M. Solution-Processable Carbon Nanotube Nanohybrids for Multiplexed Photoresponsive Devices. Advanced Functional Materials 2021, 31(45), 2105719.
  • Mistry L, El-Zubir O, Pope T, Waddell PG, Wright N, Hofer WA, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Silver–Cytidine Coordination Polymer: Electrical Properties, Modulating Intrachain Ag···Ag Distance, and MOF–Nanosheet Transformation. Crystal Growth & Design 2021, 21(8), 4398-4405.
  • Ruiz-Sanchez AJ, Guerin AJ, El-Zubir O, Dura G, Ventura C, Dixon LI, Houlton A, Horrocks BR, Jakubovics NS, Guarda P-A, Simeone G, Clare AS, Fulton DA. Preparation and evaluation of fouling-release properties of amphiphilic perfluoropolyether-zwitterion cross-linked polymer films. Progress in Organic Coatings 2020, 140, 105524.
  • El-Zubir O, Kynaston EL, Gwyther J, Nazemi A, Gould OEC, Whittell GR, Horrocks BR, Manners I, Houlton A. Bottom-Up Device Fabrication via the Seeded Growth of Polymer-based Nanowires. Chemical Science 2020, 11(24), 6222-6228.
  • Higgs PL, Ruiz-Sanchez AJ, Dalmina M, Horrocks BR, Leach AG, Fulton DA. Enhancing the kinetics of hydrazone exchange processes: An experimental and computational study. Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry 2019, 17(12), 3218-3224.
  • Phatvej W, Datta HK, Wilkinson SC, Mutch E, Daly AK, Horrocks BR. Endocytosis and lack of cytotoxicity of alkyl–capped silicon quantum dots prepared from porous silicon. Materials 2019, 12(10), 1702.
  • Mistry L, El-Zubir O, Dura G, Clegg W, Waddell PG, Pope T, Hofer WA, Wright NG, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Addressing the properties of “Metallo-DNA” with a Ag(I)-mediated supramolecular duplex. Chemical Science 2019, 10(11), 3186-3195.
  • Mistry L, Waddell PG, Wright NG, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Transoid and Cisoid conformations in silver-mediated cytosine base pairs. Hydrogen-bonding dictates argentophilic interactions in the solid-state. Inorganic Chemistry 2019, 58(19), 13346-13352.
  • Rashid M, Idris MI, Horrocks BR, Healy N, Goss JP, Horsfall AB. Pore Wall Thinning of Mesoporous 4H-SiC by Sacrificial Oxidation. Crystal Research and Technology 2018, 53(9), 1800120.
  • Friedl J, Gu J, Stimming U, Horrocks BR. On the mechanism of scanning electrochemical potential microscopy. ChemElectroChem 2018, 5(1), 25-28.
  • Nurdillayeva RN, Oshido AB, Bamford TA, El-Zubir O, Houlton A, Hedley J, Pike AR, Horrocks BR. Inkjet printing and electrical characterisation of DNA - templated cadmium sulfide nanowires. Nanotechnology 2018, 29(13), 135704.
  • Radwan MA, AlQuadeib BT, Siller L, Wright MC, Horrocks B. Oral administration of amphotericin B nanoparticles: antifungal activity, bioavailability and toxicity in rats. Drug Delivery 2017, 24(1), 40-50.
  • Borah D, Cummins C, Rasappa S, Watson SMD, Pike AR, Horrocks BR, Fulton DA, Houlton A, Liontos G, Ntetsikas K, Avgeropoulos A, Morris MA. Nanoscale silicon substrate patterns from self-assembly of cylinder forming poly (styrene)-block-poly(dimethylsiloxane) block copolymer on silane functionalized surfaces. Nanotechnology 2017, 28(4).
  • Ventura C, Guerin AJ, El-Zubir O, Ruiz-Sanchez AJ, Dixon LI, Reynolds KJ, Dale ML, Ferguson J, Houlton A, Horrocks BR, Clare AS, Fulton DF. Marine antifouling performance of polymer coatings incorporating zwitterions. Biofouling 2017, 33(10), 892-903.
  • Nomor AS, Horrocks BR. Kinetics of Reduction of Ruthenium Hexaammine at Bismuth Electrodes in Aqueous Solution: Analysing the Potential Dependence of the Transfer Coefficient. ChemElectroChem 2017, 4(11), 2943-2951.
  • Cook SK, Horrocks BR. Heterogeneous Electron-Transfer Rates for the Reduction of Viologen Derivatives at Platinum and Bismuth Electrodes in Acetonitrile. ChemElectroChem 2017, 4(2), 320-331.
  • Al-Mahamad LLG, El-Zubir O, Smith DG, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. A coordination polymer for the site-specific integration of semiconducting sequences into DNA-based materials. Nature Communications 2017, 8, 720.
  • Siller L, Piticharoenphun S, Lemloh M-L, Horrocks BR, Kaulich B, Gianonchelli A, Hunt MRC, Brummer F, Medakovic D. Sulphur-containing compounds as a response in sea urchins exposed to alkylated silicon nanocrystals and SiO₂-coated iron oxide nanoparticles. Key Engineering Materials 2016, 672, 312-327.
  • Hassanien R, Almaky MM, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Preparation and electrical properties of a copper-conductive polymer hybrid nanostructure. RSC Advances 2016, 101(6), 99422-99432.
  • Rashid M, Horrocks BR, Healy N, Goss JP, Horsfall AB. Optical properties of mesoporous 4H-SiC prepared by anodic electrochemical etching. Journal of Applied Physics 2016, 120(19), 194303.
  • Al-Hinai M, Hassanien R, Watson SMD, Wright NG, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Metal-conductive polymer hybrid nanostructures: preparation and electrical properties of palladium-polyimidazole nanowires. Nanotechnology 2016, 27(9), 095704.
  • AL-Quadeib BT, Radwan MA, Siller L, Horrocks B, Wright MC. Stealth Amphotericin B nanoparticles for oral drug delivery: In vitro optimization. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal 2015, 23(3), 290-302.
  • Abualmaja KM, Siller L, Horrocks BR. Metal-enhanced luminescence of silicon quantum dots: effects of nanoparticles and molecular electron donors and acceptors on the photofading kinetics. Nanotechnology 2015, 26(14), 145704.
  • Hermosa C, Horrocks BR, Martinez JI, Liscio F, Gomez-Herrero J, Zamora F. Mechanical and optical properties of ultralarge flakes of a metal–organic framework with molecular thickness. Chemical Science 2015, 6(4), 2553-2558.
  • Mohamed HDA, Watson SMD, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Chemical and electrochemical routes to DNA-templated rhodium nanowires. Journal of Materials Chemistry C 2015, 3(2), 438-446.
  • Al-Quadeib BT, Radwan MA, Siller L, Mutch E, Horrocks B, Wright M, Alshaer A. Therapeutic monitoring of amphotericin B in Saudi ICU patients using UPLC MS/MS assay. Biomedical Chromatography 2014, 28(12), 1652-1659.
  • Pate J, Zamora F, Watson SMD, Wright NG, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Solution-based DNA-templating of sub-10 nm conductive copper nanowires. Journal of Materials Chemistry C 2014, 2(43), 9265-9273.
  • Watson SMD, Galindo MA, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Mechanism of Formation of Supramolecular DNA-Templated Polymer Nanowires. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2014, 136(18), 6649-6655.
  • Harun NA, Horrocks BR, Fulton DA. Enhanced Raman and luminescence spectra from co-encapsulated silicon quantum dots and Au-Ag nanoalloys. Chemical Communications 2014, 50(82), 12389-12391.
  • Watson SMD, Pike AR, Pate J, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. DNA-templated nanowires: morphology and electrical conductivity. Nanoscale 2014, 6(8), 4027-4037.
  • Hassanpour A, Rodriguez-San Miguel D, Fierro JLG, Horrocks BR, Mas-Balleste R, Zamora F. Supramolecular Attachment of Metalloporphyrins to Graphene Oxide and its Pyridine-Containing Derivative. Chemistry - A European Journal 2013, 19(32), 10463-10467.
  • Siller L, Lemloh M-L, Piticharoenphun S, Mendis BG, Horrocks BR, Brummer F, Medakovic D. Silver nanoparticle toxicity in sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Environmental Pollution 2013, 178, 498-502.
  • Alsharif NH, Al-Said SAF, Birch MA, Horrocks BR, Datta HK. Real-Time Activity Bioassay of Single Osteoclasts Using a Silicon Nanocrystal-Impregnated Artificial Matrix. Small 2013, 9(21), 3685-3692.
  • Al-Hinai MN, Hassanien R, Wright NG, Horsfall AB, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Networks of DNA-templated palladium nanowires: structural and electrical characterisation and their use as hydrogen gas sensors. Faraday Discussions 2013, 164, 71-91.
  • Harun NA, Benning MJ, Horrocks BR, Fulton DA. Gold nanoparticle-enhanced luminescence of silicon quantum dots co-encapsulated in polymer nanoparticles. Nanoscale 2013, 5(9), 3817-3827.
  • Watson SMD, Mohamed HDA, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Electrically conductive magnetic nanowires using an electrochemical DNA-templating route. Nanoscale 2013, 5(12), 5349-5359.
  • McGrath N, Patil AJ, Watson SMD, Horrocks BR, Faul CFJ, Houlton A, Winnik MA, Mann S, Manners I. Conductive, Monodisperse Polyaniline Nanofibers of Controlled Length Using Well-Defined Cylindrical Block Copolymer Micelles as Templates. Chemistry - A European Journal 2013, 19(39), 13030-13039.
  • Watson SMD, Hedley JH, Galindo MA, Al-Said SAF, Wright NG, Connolly BA, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Synthesis, Characterisation and Electrical Properties of Supramolecular DNA-Templated Polymer Nanowires of 2,5-(Bis-2-thienyl)-pyrrole. Chemistry: A European Journal 2012, 18(38), 12008-12019.
  • Hassanien R, Al-Said SAF, Siller L, Little R, Wright NG, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Smooth and conductive DNA-templated Cu2O nanowires: growth morphology, spectroscopic and electrical characterization. Nanotechnology 2012, 23(7), 075601.
  • Matthies R, Aplin AC, Horrocks BR, Mudashiru LK. Occurrence and behaviour of dissolved, nano-particulate and micro-particulate iron in waste waters and treatment systems: new insights from electrochemical analysis. Journal of Environmental Monitoring 2012, 14(4), 1174-1181.
  • Mohamed HDA, Watson SMD, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Magnetic and conductive magnetite nanowires by DNA-templating. Nanoscale 2012, 4(19), 5936-5945.
  • Hale MG, Little R, Salem MA, Hedley JH, Horrocks BR, Siller L. Formation of bismuth oxide nanowires by simultaneous templating and electrochemical adhesion of DNA on Si/SiO2. Thin Solid Films 2012, 520(24), 7044-7048.
  • Watson SMD, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Equilibrium and non-equilibrium thermodynamics of templating reactions for the formation of nanowires. Nanotechnology 2012, 23(50), 505603.
  • Coxon PR, Newman M, Hunt MRC, O'Farrell N, Horrocks BR, Poolton NRJ, Siller L. DNA-modified silicon nanocrystals studied by X-ray luminescence and X-ray absorption spectroscopies: Observation of a strong infra-red luminescence band. Journal of Applied Physics 2012, 111(5), 054311.
  • Piticharoenphun S, Šiller L, Lemloh M-L, Salome M, Cotte M, Kaulich B, Gianoncelli A, Mendis BG, Bangert U, Poolton NRJ, Horrocks BR, Brümmer F, Medaković D. Agglomeration of Silver Nanoparticles in Sea Urchin. International Journal of Environmental Pollution and Remediation 2012, 1(1), 46-52.
  • Mudashiru LK, Aplin AC, Horrocks BR. Voltammetric methods for the speciation of dissolved iron and determination of Fe-containing nanoparticles in mine-water discharge. Analytical Methods 2011, 3(4), 927-936.
  • Zidek K, Pelant I, Trojanek F, Maly P, Gilliot P, Honerlage B, Oberle J, Siller L, Little R, Horrocks BR. Ultrafast stimulated emission due to quasidirect transitions in silicon nanocrystals. Physical Review B 2011, 84(8), 085321.
  • Berger CEM, Datta HK, Horrocks BR. Simulation of generation-collection experiments with homogeneous kinetics: application to electrochemical investigation of superoxide radical anion generation by osteoclasts on bone. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 2011, 13(12), 5288-5297.
  • Carlsson S, Gonzalez R, O'Farrell N, Patole SN, Connolly BA, Houlton A, Horrocks BR, Pike A. Self-Organisation of Self-Complementary DNA Molecules Covalently Attached to Silicon Surfaces. Science of Advanced Materials 2011, 3(3), 483-489.
  • Galindo MA, Hannant J, Harrington RW, Clegg W, Horrocks BR, Pike AR, Houlton A. Pyrrolyl-, 2-(2-thienyl)pyrrolyl- and 2,5-bis(2-thienyl)pyrrolyl-nucleosides: synthesis, molecular and electronic structure, and redox behaviour of C5-thymidine derivatives. Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 2011, 9(5), 1555-1564.
  • Harun NA, Horrocks BR, Fulton DA. A miniemulsion polymerization technique for encapsulation of silicon quantum dots in polymer nanoparticles. Nanoscale 2011, 3(11), 4733-4741.
  • Pruneanu S, Olenic L, Al-Said SAF, Borodi G, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Template and template-free preparation of one-dimensional metallic nanostructures. Journal of Materials Science 2010, 45(12), 3151-3159.
  • Watson SMD, Wright NG, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Preparation, Characterization and Scanned Conductance Microscopy Studies of DNA-Templated One-Dimensional Copper Nanostructures. Langmuir 2010, 26(3), 2068-2075.
  • Hassanien R, Al-Hinai M, Al-Said SAF, Little R, Siller L, Wright NG, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Preparation and Characterization of Conductive and Photoluminescent DNA-Templated Polyindole Nanowires. ACS Nano 2010, 4(4), 2149-2159.
  • Hannant J, Hedley JH, Pate J, Walli A, Al-Said SAF, Galindo MA, Connolly BA, Horrocks BR, Houlton A, Pike AR. Modification of DNA-templated conductive polymer nanowires via click chemistry. Chemical Communications 2010, 46(32), 5870-5872.
  • Zidek K, Trojanek F, Maly P, Ondic L, Pelant I, Dohnalova K, Siller L, Little R, Horrocks BR. Femtosecond luminescence spectroscopy of core states in silicon nanocrystals. Optics Express 2010, 18(24), 25241-25249.
  • Al-Said SAF, Hassanien R, Hannant J, Galindo MA, Pruneanu S, Pike AR, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Templating Ag on DNA/polymer hybrid nanowires: Control of the metal growth morphology using functional monomers. Electrochemistry Communications 2009, 11(3), 550-553.
  • Rostron RJ, Chao Y, Roberts G, Horrocks BR. Simultaneous photocharging and luminescence intermittency in silicon nanocrystals. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 2009, 21(23), 235301.
  • Pruneanu S, Olenic L, Tudoran L, Kacso I, Al-Said S, Hassanien R, Houlton A, Horrocks B. Preparation of 1D nanostructures using biomolecules. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2009, 182(1), 012014.
  • Hong Q, Rogero C, Lakey JH, Connolly BA, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Immobilisation of proteins at silicon surfaces using undecenylaldehyde: demonstration of the retention of protein functionality and detection strategies. Analyst 2009, 134(3), 593-601.
  • Houlton A, Pike AR, Galindo MA, Horrocks BR. DNA-based routes to semiconducting nanomaterials. Chemical Communications 2009, (14), 1797-1806.
  • Rostron RJ, Horrocks BR, Roberts G. Distributed luminescence from alkyl-capped silicon quantum dots. Journal of Applied Physics 2009, 105(9), 094302.
  • Siller L, Krishnamurthy S, Kjeldgaard L, Horrocks BR, Chao Y, Houlton A, Chakraborty AK, Hunt MRC. Core and valence exciton formation in x-ray absorption, x-ray emission and x-ray excited optical luminescence from passivated Si nanocrystals at the Si L_2,3 edge. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 2009, 21(9), 095005.
  • Alsharif NH, Berger CEM, Varanasi SS, Chao Y, Horrocks BR, Datta HK. Alkyl-Capped Silicon Nanocrystals Lack Cytotoxicity and have Enhanced Intracellular Accumulation in Malignant Cells via Cholesterol-Dependent Endocytosis. Small 2009, 5(2), 221-228.
  • Rogero C, Chaffey BT, Mateo-Martí E, Sobrado JM, Horrocks BR, Houlton A, Lakey JH, Briones C, Martín-Gago JA. Silicon Surface Nanostructuring for Covalent Immobilization of Biomolecules. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2008, 112(25), 9308-9314.
  • Pruneanu S, Al-Said SAF, Dong L, Hollis TA, Galindo MA, Wright NG, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Self-assembly of DNA-templated polypyrrole nanowires: Spontaneous formation of conductive nanoropes. Advanced Functional Materials 2008, 18(16), 2444-2454.
  • Coxon PR, Chao Y, Horrocks BR, Gass M, Bangert U, Siller L. Electron energy loss spectroscopy on alkylated silicon nanocrystals. Journal of Applied Physics 2008, 104(8), 084318.
  • Dickinson FM, Alsop TA, Al-Sharif N, Berger CEM, Datta HK, Siller L, Chao Y, Tuite EM, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Dispersions of alkyl-capped silicon nanocrystals in aqueous media: photoluminescence and ageing. Analyst 2008, 133(11), 1573-1580.
  • Liqin D, Hollis T, Fishwick S, Connolly BA, Wright NG, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Synthesis, manipulation and conductivity of supramolecular polymer nanowires. Chemistry - A European Journal 2007, 13(3), 822-828.
  • Lie LH, Mirkin MV, Hakkarainen S, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Electrochemical detection of lateral charge transport in metal complex-DNA monolayers synthesized on Si(1 1 1) electrodes. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 2007, 603(1), 67-80.
  • Dong L, Hollis T, Connolly BA, Wright NG, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. DNA-templated semiconductor nanoparticle chains and wires. Advanced Materials 2007, 19(13), 1748-1751.
  • Chao Y, Houlton A, Horrocks BR, Hunt MRC, Poolton NRJ, Yang J, Siller L. Optical luminescence from alkyl-passivated Si nanocrystals under vacuum ultraviolet excitation: Origin and temperature dependence of the blue and orange emissions. Applied Physics Letters 2006, 88(26), 263119.
  • Chao Y, Krishnamurthy S, Montalti M, Lie LH, Houlton A, Horrocks BR, Kjeldgaard L, Dhanak VR, Hunt MRC, Šiller L. Reactions and luminescence in passivated Si nanocrystallites induced by vacuum ultraviolet and soft-x-ray photons. Journal of Applied Physics 2005, 98, 044316.
  • de Smet LCPM, Zuihof H, Sudholter EJR, Lie LH, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Mechanism of the Hydrosilylation Reaction of Alkenes at Porous Silicon: Experimental and Computational Deuterium Labeling Studies. Journal of Physical Chemistry B: Condensed Matter, Materials, Surfaces, Interfaces & Biophysical 2005, 109(24), 12020-12031.
  • De Smet LCPM, Zuilhof H, Sudholter EJR, Lie LH, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Mechanism of the hydrosilylation reaction of alkenes at porous silicon: Experimental and computational deuterium labeling studies. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2005, 109(24), 12020-12031.
  • Pike AR, Ryder LC, Horrocks BR, Clegg W, Connolly BA, Houlton A. Ferrocenyl-modified DNA: Synthesis, characterization and integration with semiconductor electrodes. Chemistry: A European Journal 2005, 11(1), 344-353.
  • Errington RJ, Petkar SS, Horrocks BR, Houlton A, Lie LH, Patole SN. Covalent immobilization of a TiW₅ polyoxometalate on derivatized silicon surfaces. Angewandte Chemie - International Edition 2005, 44(8), 1254-1257.
  • Woods M, Carlsson S, Hong Q, Patole SN, Lie LH, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. A Kinetic Model of the Formation of Organic Monolayers on Hydrogen-Terminated Silicon by Hydrosilation of Alkenes. Journal of Physical Chemistry B: Condensed Matter, Materials, Surfaces, Interfaces & Biophysical 2005, 109(50), 24035-24045.
  • Woods M, Carlsson S, Hong Q, Patole SN, Lie LH, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. A kinetic model of the formation of organic monolayers on hydrogen-terminated silicon by hydrosilation of alkenes. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2005, 109(50), 24035-24045.
  • Lie LH, Patole SN, Pike AR, Ryder LC, Connolly BA, Ward AD, Tuite EM, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Immobilisation and synthesis of DNA on Si(111), nanocrystalline porous silicon and silicon nanoparticles. Faraday Discussions 2004, 125, 235-249.
  • Patole SN, Pike AR, Connolly BA, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. STM study of DNA films synthesized on Si(111) surfaces. Langmuir 2003, 19(13), 5457-5463.
  • Datta HK, Horrocks BR. Mechanisms of calcium disposal from osteoclastic resorption hemivacuole. Journal of Endocrinology 2003, 176(1), 1-5.
  • Pike AR, Patole SN, Murray NC, Ilyas T, Connolly BA, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Covalent and non-covalent attachment and patterning of polypyrrole at silicon surfaces. Advanced Materials 2003, 15(3), 254-257.
  • Pike AR, Horrocks BR, Connolly BA, Houlton A. Towards DNA based molecular electronics on silicon. Australian Journal of Chemistry 2002, 55(3), 191.
  • Price C, Horrocks BR, Mayeux A, Elsegood MRJ, Clegg W, Houlton A. Self-complimentary metal complexes containing a DNA base pair. Angewandte Chemie: International Edition 2002, 41(6), 1047-1049.
  • Lie LH, Duerdin M, Tuite EM, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Preparation and characterisation of luminescent alkylated-silicon quantum dots. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 2002, 538, 183-190.
  • Lie LH, Patole SN, Hart ER, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Photochemical reaction of diazomethane with hydrogen-terminated silicon surfaces. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2002, 106(1), 113-120.
  • Pike AR, Ryder LC, Horrocks BR, Clegg W, Elsegood MRJ, Connolly BA, Houlton A. Metallocene - DNA: Synthesis, molecular and electronic structure and DNA incorporation of C5-ferrocenylthymidine derivatives. Chemistry: A European Journal 2002, 8(13), 2891-2899.
  • Pike AR, Lie LH, Eagling RA, Ryder LC, Patole SN, Connolly BA, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. DNA on silicon devices: On-chip synthesis, hybridization, and charge transfer. Angewandte Chemie (International Edition) 2002, 41(4), 615-617.
  • de Smet LCPM, Zuilhof H, Sudholter EJR, Wittstock G, Duerdin MS, Lie LH, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Diffusion in porous silicon: effects on the reactivity of alkenes and electrochemistry of alkylated porous silicon. Electrochimica Acta 2002, 47(16), 2653-2663.
  • Berger CEM, Rathod H, Gillespie JI, Horrocks BR, Datta HK. Scanning electrochemical microscopy at the surface of bone-resorbing osteoclasts: Evidence for steady-state disposal and intracellular functional compartmentalization of calcium. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 2001, 16(11), 2092-2102.
  • Aslanoglu M, Isaac CJ, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Voltammetric measurements of the interaction of metal complexes with nucleic acids. Analyst 2000, 125(10), 1791-1798.
  • Isaac CJ, Price C, Horrocks BR, Houlton A, Elsegood MRJ, Clegg W. Synthesis, structure and coordination chemistry of mono- and bis-heterocyclic-ferrocenyl derivatives. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 2000, 598(2), 248-253.
  • Georgopoulou AS, Michael D, Mingos P, White AJP, Williams DJ, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Bifunctional ferrocene derivatives for molecular recognition of DNA duplexes. Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions 2000, (17), 2969-2974.
  • Bateman JE, Eagling RD, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. A Deuterium Labeling, FTIR, and Ab Initio investigation of the solution-phase thermal reactions of alcohols and alkenes with hydrogen-terminated silicon surfaces. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2000, 104(23), 5557-5565.
  • Armstrong RD, Horrocks BR. Thermodynamics for the situation where there is a discontinuous change of the electrode condition with potential due to the formation of a two dimensional condensed phase - diffuse layer effects. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 1999, 463(1), 9-15.
  • Houlton A, Isaac CJ, Gibson AE, Horrocks BR, Clegg W, Elsegood MRJ. Synthesis, structure and redox properties of ferrocenylmethyl-nucleobases. Journal of the Chemical Society - Dalton Transactions 1999, (18), 3229-3234.
  • Horrocks BR, Armstrong RD. Discreteness of charge effects on the double layer structure at the metal/solid electrolyte interface. Journal of Physical Chemistry Part B 1999, 103(51), 11332-11338.
  • Berger CEM, Horrocks BR, Datta HK. Direct non-genomic effect of steroid hormones on superoxide anion generation in the bone resorbing osteoclasts. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 1999, 149(1-2), 53-59.
  • Berger CEM, Horrocks BR, Datta HK. Application of ion-selective microelectrodes to the detection of calcium release during bone resorption. Electrochimica Acta 1999, 44(16), 2677-2683.
  • B. R. Horrocks and M. V. Mirkin. Evidence for a potential-dependent reversible inactivation of urease adsorbed on a gold electrode. Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions, 94, 1115 1998.
  • Horrocks BR and Mirkin MV. Cation binding to DNA studied by ion-transfer voltammetry at micropipets. Analytical Chemistry, 70, 4653-4660 1998.
  • C. E. M. Berger, B. R. Horrocks, and H. K. Datta. cAMP-dependent inhibition is dominant in regulating superoxide production in the bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Journal of Endocrinology, 158, 311-318 1998.
  • M. Aslanoglu, A. Houlton, and B. R. Horrocks. A Functionalised Monolayer for Nucleic Acid Immobilisation on Gold Surfaces and Metal Complex Binding Studies. Analyst, 123, 753 1998.
  • Horrocks BR, Houlton A, Bateman JE, Eagling RD. Alkylation of porous silicon by direct reaction with alkenes and alkynes. Angewandte Chemie-International Edition, 37, 2683-2685 1998.
  • R. D. Armstrong and B. R. Horrocks. The double layer structure at the metal-solid electrolyte interface. Solid State Ionics, 94, 181 1997.
  • J. E. Bateman, B. R. Horrocks, and A. Houlton. Reactions of Water and Methanol at Hydrogen-terminated silicon surfaces studied by transmission FTIR. Journal of the Chemical Society-Faraday Transactions, 93, 2427 1997.
  • D. Jeffrey, B. R. Horrocks, R. D. Armstrong, and A. B. Walsh. Electrochemical Microscopy of Polymer Layers. Electrochimica Acta, 42, 3637 1997.
  • J. E. Bateman, R. D. Eagling, B. R. Horrocks, A. Houlton, and D. R. Worrall. A role for organic molecules in the oxidation of porous silicon. Journal of the Chemical Society-Chemical Communications, 2275 1997.
  • C. G. Cleland, B. R. Horrocks, and A. Houlton. Direct functionalization of silicon via the self-assembly of alcohols. Journal of the Chemical Society-Faraday Transactions, 91, 4001-4003 1995.
  • B. R. Horrocks, M. V. Mirkin, and A. J. Bard. SECM 25. Application to investigation of the kinetics of heterogeneous electron transfer at semiconductor (WSe2 and Si) electrodes. Journal of Physical Chemistry, 98, 9106-9114 1994.
  • M. Arca, A. J. Bard, B. R. Horrocks, T. C. Richards, and D. A. Treichel. Advances in scanning electrochemical microscopy. Analyst, 119, 719-726 1994.
  • B. R. Horrocks, D. Schmidtke, A. Heller, and A. J. Bard. SECM 24. Enzyme ultramicroelectrodes for the measurement of hydrogen peroxide at surfaces. Analytical Chemistry, 65, 3605-3614 1993.
  • B. R. Horrocks, M. V. Mirkin, D. T. Pierce, A. J. Bard, G. Nagy, and K. Toth. SECM 19. Ion selective potentiometric microscopy. Analytical Chemistry, 65, 1213-1224 1993.
  • K. Toth, G. Nagy, B. R. Horrocks, and A. J. Bard. Investigation of silver iodide-based ion-selective membranes by scanning electrochemical microscopy. Analytica Chimica Acta, 282, 239-246 1993.
  • K. Toth, G. Nagy, B. R. Horrocks, and A. J. Bard Magyar. Investigation of ion-selective membranes with scanning electrochemical microscopy. Kemiai Folyoirat, 99, 339-348 1993.
  • Bard AJ, Fan FR, Horrocks B. Recent Applications of the Scanning Electrochemical Microscope. Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. 204: 156-ANYL Part 1 1992.
  • W. J. Albery, Z. Chen, B. R. Horrocks, A. R. Mount, P. J. Wilson, D. Bloor, A. T. Monkman, and C. M. Elliott. Spectroscopic and electrochemical studies of charge-transfer in modified electrodes. Faraday Discussions Chemical Society, 88, 247 1989.

• Book Chapters

  • Horrocks BR. Photoluminescent nanoparticle derivatization via porous silicon. In: Handbook of Porous Silicon: Second Edition. Springer International Publishing, 2018, pp.1015-1025.
  • Horrocks BR. Photoluminescent nanoparticle derivatization via porous silicon. In: Handbook of Porous Silicon. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2014, pp.671-681.

• Conference Proceedings (inc. Abstracts)

  • Nurdillayeva RN, Horrocks BR, Pike AR. Electronic and Electrochemical characterization of DNA - Templated CdS nanowires. In: 5th International Conference on Nanomaterials and Advanced Energy Storage Systems. 2018, Astana, Kazakhstan: Elsevier Ltd.
  • Miloserdov A, Day CPF, Rosario GL, Horrocks BR, Carruthers AE. Probing chemical transformation in picolitre volume aerosol droplets. In: Proceedings of SPIE Nanoscience and Engineering: Optical Trapping and Optical Micromanipulation XIV. 2017, San Diego, CA, USA: SPIE.
  • Al Hinai M, Wright N, Horsfall A, Hassanien R, Horrocks B, Houlton A. Ultra-sensitive hydrogen gas sensing using DNA-templated palladium nanowires. In: IEEE Sensors. 2011, Limerick, Ireland: IEEE.
  • Houlton A, Horrocks BR, Wright NG, Olsen S, O'Neill A. Top down and Bottom-up Routes to Nanoscale Electronic Components. In: Intel European Research and Innovation Conference. 2008, Leixlip, Ireland: Intel Europe.
  • Mudashiru LK, Horrocks BR, Aplin AC. Importance of colloidal iron in mine waters revealed by differential pulse voltammetry. In: 18th Annual VM Goldschmidt Conference. 2008, Vancouver, Canada: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta: Elsevier.
  • Pruneanu S, Dong L, Hollis TA, Wright NG, Galindo MA, Pike AR, Connolly BA, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. DNA-based Inorganic and Polymer Nanowires: Synthesis, Characterization and Electrical Properties of Nanoelectronic Components. In: AIP Conference Proceedings: DNA Based Nanodevices. 2008, Jena, Germany: American Institute of Phsyics.
  • Mudashiru LK, Aplin AC, Horrocks BR. Towards Real-Time and Continuous Monitoring of Iron Speciation in Polluted Mine-waters, NE, UK. In: 9th Great British Research and R & D Show. 2007, House of Commons, London.
  • Mudashiru LK, Horrocks BR, Aplin AC. Emerging methods for insitu monitoring of iron speciation in polluted minewaters, NE, England. In: Analytical Research Forum. 2007, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
  • Mudashiru LK, Horrocks BR, Aplin AC. Insitu Voltammetric Measurements of Iron Speciation in Polluted Mine-waters. In: 1st European Chemistry Congress. 2006, Budapest, Hungary.
  • Mirkin MV, Lie LH, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Lateral charge transfer in DNA monolayers. In: 205th Meeting of The Electrochemical Society. 2004, San Antonio, Texas, USA: Electrochemical Society, Inc.
  • Pike AR, Lie LH, Patole SN, Ryder LC, Connolly BA, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Integrating DNA with semiconductor materials: Bio-inorganic hybrid devices. In: DNA-Based Molecular Construction: International Workshop on DNA-based Molecular Construction. 2002, Jena, Germany: American Institute of Physics.
  • Ryder L, Pike A, Horrocks B, Houlton A. Ferrocenyl-nucleosides: synthesis, redox chemistry and incorporation into DNA. In: 10th International Conference on Bioinorganic Chemistry. 2001, Florence, Italy: Elsevier Inc.

• Letter

  • Chao Y, Siller L, Krishnamurthy S, Coxon PR, Bangert U, Gass M, Kjeldgaard L, Patole SN, Lie LH, O'Farrell N, Alsop TA, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Evaporation and deposition of alkyl-capped silicon nanocrystals in ultrahigh vacuum. Nature Nanotechnology 2007, 2(8), 486-489.

• Note

  • Armstrong RD, Horrocks BR. Erratum to "Thermodynamics for the situation where there is a discontinuous change of the electrode condition with potential due to the formation of a two dimensional condensed phase–diffuse layer effects" [Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 463 (1999) 9–15]. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 1999, 469(1), 88-88.

• Reviews

  • O'Farrell N, Houlton A, Horrocks BR. Silicon nanoparticles: applications in cell biology and medicine. International Journal of Nanomedicine 2006, 1(4), 451-472.
  • Mirkin MV, Horrocks BR. Electroanalytical measurements using the scanning electrochemical microscope. Analytica Chimica Acta 2000, 406(2), 119-146.