Staff Profile
Professor Julia Newton
Medical Director - Academic Health Science Network - North East & North Cumbria
- Email: julia.newton@ncl.ac.uk
- Telephone: +44 (0) 191 208 8335
- Address: Population Health Sciences Institute
Faculty of Medical Sciences
Newcastle University
Research & Innovation Hub
Level 6, Leazes Wing
Royal Victoria Infirmary
Newcastle upon Tyne
NE1 4LP
Introduction
My research programme focuses upon the integrity of the autonomic nervous system in health and disease, specifically the role of autonomic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of fatigue and its clinical consequences, namely cognitive impairment.
Background
March 2008 to July 2014: Clinical Professor of Ageing and Medicine, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University; and Honorary Consultant Physician, Royal Victoria Infirmary.
August 2014 onwards: Clinical Professor of Ageing and Medicine, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University; and Honorary Consultant Physician, Royal Victoria Infirmary.
Current Roles and Responsibilities
Medical Director, Academic Health Science Network: North East and North Cumbria
Qualifications
MB BS with Honours: June 1990
Diploma of Medical Science: July 1995
PhD: July 1998
CCST Geriatric Medicine and General Internal Medicine: April 2000
FRCP(UK): January 2003
Memberships
Full member of the British Geriatric Society
Full member of the Association of Physicians for GB and Ireland and Executive Member
Member of the Association of Physicians of Region No 1
Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians
Honours and Awards
Sunderland Prize 1989 for communication skills.
British Geriatric Society Elizabeth Brown prize 1997 for the best scientific presentation.
Prize for the best scientific paper at the First International Meeting of Upper Gastrointestinal Disease in the Elderly, Vicenza, Italy, 1998.
Winner of Best Scientific Presentation at School Research Day 1999.
Best Poster Prize, British Geriatrics Society Meeting 2002.
European Association for the Study of the Liver, Travel Fellowship, 2002.
Vice Chancellors Distinguished Teacher 2010
Newcastle University Innovation Award 2010
Newcastle University Learning and teaching Excellence Awards - Research Supervisor of the Year 2012
NHS Innovations NE Bright Ideas in Health Award - Winner, Service Improvement 2015
Gresham College Invited Lecture - Standing up for Fatigue 2015
Research Interests
Autonomic function in health and disease, particularly in understanding the pathogenesis of fatigue.
Lead Educator for the Future Learn MOOC - Ageing Well; Falls
- Kujawski S, Slomko J, Morten KJ, Murovska M, Buszko K, Newton JL, Zalewski P. Autonomic and cognitive function response to normobaric hyperoxia exposure in healthy subjects. Preliminary study. Medicina 2020, 56(4), 172.
- Hester KLM, Ryan V, Newton J, Rapley T, De Soyza A. Bronchiectasis Information and Education: a randomised, controlled feasibility trial. Trials 2020, 21, 331.
- Frith J, Newton JL. Combination non-pharmacologic intervention for orthostatic hypotension in older people: a phase 2 study. Age and Ageing 2020, 49(2), 253-257.
- Hoggard K, Hart S, Birchall J, Kirk S, Goff I, Grove M, Newton J. Fracture prevention: a population-based intervention delivered in primary care. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine 2020, 113(5), 313-319.
- Corris V, Dormer E, Brown A, Whitty P, Bambra C, Newton JL. Health inequalities are worsening in the North East of England. British Medical Bulletin 2020, 134(1), 63-72.
- Tomas C, Elson JL, Strassheim V, Newton JL, Walker M. The effect of myalgic encephalomyelitis/ chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) severity on cellular bioenergetic function. PLoS ONE 2020, 15(4), e0231136.
- Lewis I, Hackett KL, Ng W-F, Ellis J, Newton JL. A two-phase cohort study of the sleep phenotype within primary Sjögren's syndrome and its clinical correlates. Clinical and experimental rheumatology 2019, 37(3), 78-82.
- Tomas C, Lodge TA, Potter M, Elson JL, Newton JL, Morten KJ. Assessing cellular energy dysfunction in CFS/ME using a commercially available laboratory test. Scientific Reports 2019, 9(1), 11464.
- Kemp J, Sunnquist M, Jason LA, Newton JL. Autonomic dysfunction in myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome: comparing self-report and objective measures. Clinical Autonomic Research 2019, 29, 475-477.
- Vuong QC, Allison JR, Finkelmeyer A, Newton J, Durham J. Brain Responses in CFS and TMD to Autonomic Challenges: An Exploratory fMRI Study. JDR Clinical & Translational Research 2019, 5(3), 224-232.
- Strassheim V, Deary V, Webster DA, Douglas J, Newton JL, Hackett KL. Conceptualizing the benefits of a group exercise program developed for those with chronic fatigue: a mixed methods clinical evaluation. Disability and Rehabilitation 2021, 43(5), 657-667.
- Rzepinski L, Zawadka-Kunikowska M, Maciejek Z, Newton JL, Zalewski P. Early Clinical Features, Time to Secondary Progression, and Disability Milestones in Polish Multiple Sclerosis Patients. Medicina 2019, 55(6), 232.
- Mitchell E, Frith J, Newton J. Fatigue and cognitive impairment in immune thrombocytopenic purpura remain stable over time: short report from a longitudinal study. British Journal of Haematology 2019, 186(5), 777-781.
- Robinson LJ, Gallagher P, Watson S, Pearce R, Finkelmeyer A, MacLachlan L, Newton JL. Impairments in cognitive performance in chronic fatigue syndrome are common, not related to co-morbid depression but do associate with autonomic dysfunction. PLoS ONE 2019, 14(2), e0210394.
- Brown A, Newton J, Nicholson C, Fearing A, Gordon S, Wood P, Egdell A, McKean MC, Ellam J. Independent hospices for children and young people; Hospices North East. Archives of Disease in Childhood 2019, 106(1), 99-101.
- Tomas C, Brown AE, Newton JL, Elson JL. Mitochondrial complex activity in permeabilised cells of chronic fatigue syndrome patients using two cell types. PeerJ 2019, 7, e6500.
- Venter M, Tomas C, Pienaar IS, Strassheim V, Erasmus E, Ng W-F, Howell N, Newton JL, Van der Westhuizen FH, Elson JL. MtDNA population variation in Myalgic encephalomyelitis/Chronic fatigue syndrome in two populations: a study of mildly deleterious variants. Scientific Reports 2019, 9(1), 2914.
- Clark JE, Ng W-F, Rushton S, Watson S, Newton JL. Network structure underpinning (dys) homeostasis in chronic fatigue syndrome; Preliminary findings. PLoS ONE 2019, 14(3), e0213724.
- Slomko J, Newton JL, Kujawski S, Tafil-Klawe M, Klawe J, Staines D, Marshall-Gradisnik S, Zalewski P. Prevalence and characteristics of chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) in Poland: A cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2019, 9(3).
- Khanna A, Jopson L, Howel D, Bryant A, Blamire A, Newton JL, Jones DE. Rituximab is Ineffective for Treatment of Fatigue in Primary Biliary Cholangitis: A Phase-2 Randomised Controlled Trial. Hepatology 2019, 70(5), 1646-1657.
- Houghton D, Zalewski P, Hallsworth K, Cassidy S, Thoma C, Avery L, Slomko J, Hardy T, Burt AD, Tiniakos D, Hollingsworth KG, Taylor R, Day CP, Masson S, McPherson S, Anstee QM, Newton JL, Trenell MI. The degree of hepatic steatosis associates with impaired cardiac and autonomic function. Journal of Hepatology 2019, 70(6), 1203-1213.
- Kozakiewicz M, Slomko J, Buszko K, Sinkiewicz W, Klawe JJ, Tafil-Klawe M, Newton JL, Zalewski P. Acute Biochemical, Cardiovascular, and Autonomic Response to Hyperbaric (4 atm) Exposure in Healthy Subjects. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018, 2018, 5913176.
- Zawadka-Kunikowska M, Slomko J, Klopocka M, Liebert A, Tafil-Klawe M, Klawe JJ, Newton JL, Zalewski P. Cardiac and autonomic function in patients with Crohn's disease during remission. Advances in Medical Sciences 2018, 63(2), 334-340.
- Kujawski S, Kujawska A, Gajos M, Klawe JJ, Tafil-Klawe M, Madra-Gackowska K, Stankiewicz B, Newton JL, Kedziora-Kornatowska K, Zalewski P. Effects of 3-months sitting callisthenic balance and resistance exercise on aerobic capacity, aortic stiffness and body composition in healthy older participants. Randomized Controlled Trial. Experimental Gerontology 2018, 108, 125-130.
- Tomas C, Finkelmeyer A, Hodgson T, MacLachlan L, MacGowan GA, Blamire AM, Newton JL. Elevated brain natriuretic peptide levels in chronic fatigue syndrome associate with cardiac dysfunction: a case control study. Open Heart 2017, 4(2), e000697.
- Hackett KL, Deary V, Deane KHO, Newton JL, Ng W-F, Rapley T. Experience of sleep disruption in primary Sjögren’s syndrome: A focus group study. British Journal of Occupational Therapy 2018, 81(4), 218-226.
- Finkelmeyer A, He J, Maclachlan L, Watson S, Gallagher P, Newton JL, Blamire AM. Grey and white matter differences in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome – A voxel-based morphometry study. NeuroImage: Clinical 2018, 17, 24-30.
- Slomko J, Zawadka-Kunikowska M, Kozakiewicz M, Klawe JJ, Tafil-Klawe M, Newton JL, Zalewski P. Hemodynamic, Autonomic, and Vascular Function Changes after Sleep Deprivation for 24, 28, and 32 Hours in Healthy Men. Yonsei Medical Journal 2018, 59(9), 1138-1142.
- Hester KLM, Newton J, Rapley T, Ryan V, De Soyza A. Information and education provision in bronchiectasis: co-development and evaluation of a novel patient-driven resource in a digital era. European Respiratory Journal 2018, 51(4), 1702402.
- Finkelmeyer A, He J, MacLachlan L, Blamire AM, Newton JL. Intracranial compliance is associated with symptoms of orthostatic intolerance in chronic fatigue syndrome. PLoS ONE 2018, 13(7), e0200068.
- Zalewski Pawel, Finkelmeyer A, Frith J, Maclachlan L, Blamire A, Newton JL. Liver volume is lower and associates with resting and dynamic blood pressure variability in chronic fatigue syndrome. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior 2018, 6(3), 141-152.
- Slomko W, Slomko J, Kowalik T, Klawe JJ, Tafil-Klawe M, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A, Newton JL, Zalewski P. Long-term high intensity sport practice modulates adaptative changes in athletes' heart and in the autonomic nervous system profile. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 2018, 58(7-8), 1146-1152.
- Strassheim V, Welford J, Ballantine R, Newton JL. Managing fatigue in postural tachycardia syndrome (PoTS): The Newcastle approach. Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical 2018, 215, 56-61.
- Tomas C, Newton J. Metabolic abnormalities in chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis: a mini-review. Biochemical Society Transactions 2018, 46(3), 547-553.
- Hackett KL, Deane KHO, Newton JL, Deary V, Bowman SJ, Rapley T, Ng W-F. Mixed-Methods Study Identifying Key Intervention Targets to Improve Participation in Daily Living Activities in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Patients. Arthritis Care and Research 2018, 70(7), 1064-1073.
- Hester KLM, Newton J, Rapley T, De Soyza A. Patient information, education and self-management in bronchiectasis: Facilitating improvements to optimise health outcomes. BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018, 18, 80.
- Brown AE, Dibnah B, Fisher E, Newton JL, Walker M. Pharmacological activation of AMPK and glucose uptake in cultured human skeletal muscle cells from patients with ME/CFS. Bioscience Reports 2018, 38(3), BSR20180242.
- Heslop-Marshall K, Baker C, Carrick-Sen D, Newton J, Echvarria C, Stenton C, Jambon M, Gray J, Pearce K, Burns G, De Soyza A. Randomised controlled trial of cognitive behavioural therapy in COPD. ERJ Open Research 2018, 4(4), 00094-2018.
- Lynn M, Maclachlan L, Finkelmeyer A, Clark J, Locke J, Todryk S, Ng W-F, Newton JL, Watson S. Reduction of Glucocorticoid Receptor Function in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Mediators of Inflammation 2018, 2018, 3972104.
- Clark JE, Davidson SL, Maclachlan L, Newton JL, Watson S. Rethinking childhood adversity in chronic fatigue syndrome. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior 2018, 6(1), 20-29.
- Khanna A, Jopson L, Howel D, Bryant A, Blamire A, Newton JL, Wilkinson J, Steel AJ, Bainbridge J, Stefanetti R, Cassidy S, Houghton D, Jones DE. Rituximab for the Treatment of Fatigue in Primary Biliary Cholangitis (formerly Primary Biliary Cirrhosis) A Randomised Controlled Trial. Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation 2018, 5(2), 1-78.
- Newton JL, Frith J. The efficacy of non-pharmacologic intervention for orthostatic hypotension associated with aging. Neurology 2018, 91(7), e652-e656.
- Kujawski S, Slomko J, Tafil-Klawe M, Zawadka-Kunikowska M, Szrajda J, Newton JL, Zalewski P, Klawe JJ. The impact of total sleep deprivation upon cognitive functioning in firefighters. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment 2018, 14, 1171-1181.
- Hackett KL, Deary V, Deane KHO, Newton JL, Ng T, Rapley T. “It isn’t pain pure and simple”: Experiences of pain and discomfort in primary Sjögren’s syndrome: A qualitative focus group study. In: Rheumatology 2017. 2017, Birmingham, UK: Oxford University Press.
- McDonald C, Pearce M, Kerr SJR, Newton JL. A prospective study of the association between orthostatic hypotension and falls: Definition matters. Age and Ageing 2017, 46(3), 439-445.
- Williams V, Syla D, Sweenie A, Lendrem D, Newton JL, Hackett KL. A scoping exercise to gauge the incidence of early post-stroke fatigue for patients at Newcastle community stroke services. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2017, 24(2), 52.
- Hackett KL, Gotts ZM, Ellis J, Deary V, Rapley T, Ng W-F, Newton JL, Deane KHO. An investigation into the prevalence of sleep disturbances in primary Sjögren’s syndrome: a systematic review of the literature. Rheumatology 2017, 56(4), 570-580.
- Maclachlan L, Watson S, Gallagher P, Finkelmeyer A, Jason LA, Sunnquist M, Newton JL. Are current chronic fatigue syndrome criteria diagnosing different disease phenotypes?. PLoS ONE 2017, 12(10), e0186885.
- Houghton D, Zalewski P, Cassidy S, Thoma C, Hallsworth K, Avery L, Lukowska AB, Hardy T, Burt AD, Masson S, Day C, McPherson S, Anstee QM, Newton JL, Trenell MI. Autonomic function is impaired across the spectrum of NAFLD. In: The International Liver Congress 2017: 52nd Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver. 2017, Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier BV.
- McDonald C, Pearce MS, Kerr SRJ, Newton JL. Blood pressure variability and cognitive decline in older people: a 5-year longitudinal study. Journal of Hypertension 2017, 35(1), 140-147.
- Petrides G, Zalewski P, McCulloch D, Maclachlan L, Finkelmeyer A, Hodgson T, Blamire A, Newton JL. Cardiac sympathetic innervation associates with autonomic dysfunction in chronic fatigue syndrome–a pilot study. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health and Behavior 2017, 5(3), 184-186.
- Tomas C, Brown A, Strassheim V, Elson J, Newton J, Manning P. Cellular bioenergetics is impaired in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. PLoS ONE 2017, 12(10), e0186802.
- Schoeman EM, Van Der Westhuizen FH, Erasmus E, van Dyk E, Knowles CVY, Al-Ali S, Ng W-F, Taylor RW, Newton JL, Elson JL. Clinically proven mtDNA mutations are not common in those with chronic fatigue syndrome. BMC Medical Genetics 2017, 18, 29.
- O'connor K, Sunnquist M, Nicholson L, Jason LA, Newton JL, Strand EB. Energy envelope maintenance among patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome: Implications of limited energy reserves. Chronic Illness 2017, 15(1), 51-60.
- Ewan V, Hellyer T, Newton J, Simpson J. New horizons in hospital acquired pneumonia in older people. Age and Ageing 2017, 46(3), 352-358.
- Zawadka-Kunikowska M, Slomko J, Tafil-Klawe M, Klawe JJ, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A, Newton JL, Zalewski P. Role of peripheral vascular resistance as an indicator of cardiovascular abnormalities in patients with Parkinson's disease. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 2017, 44(11), 1089-1098.
- Davidson SL, Gotts ZM, Ellis JG, Newton JL. Two year follow-up of sleep diaries and polysomnography in chronic fatigue syndrome: a cohort study. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health and Behavior 2017, 5(2), 103-113.
- Strassheim V, Ballantine R, Hackett KL, Frith J, Newton JL. Understanding severely affected chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS): the gravity of the situation. Physical Therapy Reviews 2017, 22(3-4), 197-201.
- Hart RI, Ng WF, Newton JL, Hackett KL, Lee RP, Thompson B. What impact does written information about fatigue have on patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases? Findings from a qualitative study. Musculoskeletal Care 2017, 15(3), 230-237.
- Strassheim V, Lambson R, Hackett KL, Newton JL. What is known about severe and very severe Chronic Fatigue Syndrome? A scoping review. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior 2017, 5(3), 167-183.
- Gotts ZM, Deary V, Newton JL, Ellis JG. A comparative polysomnography analysis of sleep in healthy controls and patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health and Behavior 2016, 4(2), 80-93.
- Hackett KL, Lambson RL, Strassheim V, Gotts Z, Deary V, Newton JL. A concept mapping study evaluating the UK's first NHS generic fatigue clinic. Health Expectations 2016, 19(5), 1138-1149.
- Hackett KL, Lambson RL, Strassheim V, Gotts ZM, Deary V, Newton JL. A concept mapping study evaluating the UK's first NHS generic fatigue clinic. Health Expectations 2016, 19(5), 1138-1149.
- Robinson LJ, Durham J, Newton JL. A systematic review of the comorbidity between Temporomandibular Disorders and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 2016, 43(4), 306-316.
- McDonald C, Pearce MS, Wincenciak J, Kerr SRJ, Newton JL. Ambulatory Blood Pressure Variability Increases Over a 10-Year Follow-Up in Community-Dwelling Older People. American Journal of Hypertension 2016, 29(5).
- Jason LA, Sunnquist M, Brown A, Evans M, Newton JL. Are Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome different illnesses? A preliminary analysis. Journal of Health Psychology 2016, 21(1), 3-15.
- Strassheim V, Newton JL, Tan MP, Frith J. Droxidopa for orthostatic hypotension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Hypertension 2016, 34(10), 1933-1941.
- Hester KLM, Newton J, Rapley T, De Soyza A. Evaluation of a novel information resource for patients with bronchiectasis: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2016, 17, 210.
- Hester KLM, Newton J, Rapley T, Ryan V, De Soyza A. Evaluation of a novel intervention for patients with bronchiectasis: the bronchiectasis information and education feasibility (brief) study. In: British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2016. 2016, London: BMJ Group.
- Pendergrast T, Brown A, Sunnquist M, Jantke R, Newton JL, Strand EB, Jason LA. Housebound versus nonhousebound patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome. Chronic Illness 2016, 12(4), 292-307.
- McDonald C, Pearce MS, Newton JL, Kerr SR. Modified criteria for carotid sinus hypersensitivity are associated with increased mortality in a population-based study. Europace 2016, 18(7), 1101-1107.
- Hackett KL, Forder R, Lendrem DW, Hargreaves B, Strassheim V, Gotts Z, Deary V, Ng W-F, Newton JL. Objective Improvement in Fatigue Scores for Primary Sjögren’s Patients Receiving a Tailored Multidisciplinary Fatigue Intervention in a Generic Fatigue Clinic. In: ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting. 2016, Washington, DC: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Ewan V, Newton JL, Rushton S, Walls AWG. Oral hygiene of hospitalised older patients with lower limb fracture. Age and Ageing 2016, 45(6), 887-890.
- McDonald C, Newton JL, Burn DJ. Orthostatic hypotension and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: Causation or association?. Movement Disorders 2016, 31(7), 937-946.
- Newton JL, Finkelmeyer A, Petrides G, Frith J, Hodgson T, Maclachlan L, MacGowan G, Blamire AM. Reduced cardiac volumes in chronic fatigue syndrome associate with plasma volume but not length of disease: a cohort study. Open Heart 2016, 3(1), e000381.
- Clark JE, Ng WF, Watson S, Newton JL. The aetiopathogenesis of fatigue: unpredictable, complex and persistent. British Medical Bulletin 2016, 117(1), 139-148.
- Frith J, Bashir AS, Newton JL. The duration of orthostatic blood pressure drop is predictive of death. QJM: an international journal of medicine 2016, 109(4), 231-235.
- Gotts ZM, Newton JL, Ellis JG, Deary V. The experience of sleep in chronic fatigue syndrome: A qualitative interview study with patients. British Journal of Health Psychology 2016, 21(1), 71-92.
- Rutherford G, Manning P, Newton JL. Understanding Muscle Dysfunction in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Journal of Aging Research 2016, 2016, 2497348.
- Frith J, Newton JL. Validation of a questionnaire for orthostatic hypotension for routine clinical use. Geriatrics & Gerontology International 2016, 16(7), 785-790.
- Hackett K, Lendrem DW, Rapley T, Deane K, Deary V, Bowman S, Newton J, Ng WF, United Kingdom Primary Sjogren's S. "Doing Every-Day Life" with Primary Sjogren's Syndrome: Factors Predicting Difficulties Performing Daily Activities and Taking on Life Roles. In: 2015 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting. 2015, San Francisco, California: John Wiley & Sons.
- Hackett KL, Deane KHO, Strassheim V, Deary V, Rapley T, Newton JL, Ng W-F. A Systematic Review of Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Primary Sjögren's Syndrome. Rheumatology 2015, 54(11), 2025-2032.
- James K, Al-Ali S, Tarn J, Cockell SJ, Gillespie CS, Hindmarsh V, Locke J, Mitchell S, Lendrem D, Bowman S, Price E, Pease CT, Emery P, Lanyon P, Hunter JA, Gupta M, Bombardieri M, Sutcliffe N, Pitzalis C, McLaren J, Cooper A, Regan M, Giles I, Isenberg D, Saravanan V, Coady D, Dasgupta B, McHugh N, Young-Min S, Moots R, Gendi N, Akil M, Griffiths B, The UK Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome registry, Wipat A, Newton J, Jones DE, Isaacs J, Hallinan J, Ng W-F. A Transcriptional Signature of Fatigue Derived from Patients with Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome. PLoS ONE 2015, 10(12), e0143970.
- James K, Al-Ali S, Tarn J, Cockell SJ, Gillespie CS, Bowman S, Isaacs J, Jones DE, Newton J, Price E, Wipat A, Hallinan J, Ng WF, UKPSSR. A Transcriptional Signature of Fatigue Derived from Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome. In: The 13th International Symposium on Sjögren's Syndrome. 2015, Bergen, Norway: Wiley-Blackwell.
- Brown AE, Jones DE, Walker M, Newton JL. Abnormalities of AMPK Activation and Glucose Uptake in Cultured Skeletal Muscle Cells from Individuals with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. PLoS One 2015, 10(4), e0122982.
- Robinson LJ, Durham J, MacLachlan L, Newton JL. Autonomic Function in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome With and Without Painful Temporomandibular Disorder. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behaviour 2015, 3(4), 205-219.
- Bohr I, McDonald C, He J, Kerr S, Newton J, Blamire AM. Brain oxygenation responses to autonomic challenge: a quantitative fMRI investigation of the Valsalva manoeuvre. AGE 2015, 37, 91.
- Jason LA, Evans M, Brown A, Sunnquist M, Newton JL. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Versus Sudden Onset Myalgic Encephalomyelitis. Journal of Prevention and Intervention in the Community 2015, 43(1), 62-77.
- Hackett K, Lendrem D, Frith J, Rapley T, Deary V, Deane K, Bowman S, Newton J, Ng WF. Cognitive Symptoms are Common in Primary Sjogren's Syndrome and are Associated with Anxiety. In: 13th International Symposium on Sjögren's Syndrome. 2015, Bergen, Norway: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
- Hackett K, Lendrem D, Frith J, Rapley T, Deary V, Deane K, Bowman S, Newton J, Ng W-F. Cognitive symptoms are common in primary Sjögren's syndrome and are associated with anxiety. In: 13th International Symposium on Sjögren's Syndrome. 2015, Bergen, Norway: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
- Childs N, Robinson L, Chowdhury S, Ogden C, Newton JL. Consulting patients in setting priorities in myalgic encephalomyelitis (M.E.) research: Findings from a national on-line survey. Research Involvement and Engagement 2015, 1, 11.
- Ewan VC, Sails AD, Walls AWG, Rushton S, Newton JL. Dental and Microbiological Risk Factors for Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in Non-Ventilated Older Patients. PLoS ONE 2015, 10(4), e0123622.
- Tolson O, Guadagno JV, Duddy M, Newton J. Exploring the association between fatigue and autonomic dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. In: 31st Congress of the European Committee for the Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS 2015). 2015, Barcelona, Spain: Sage Publications.
- Dyson JK, Elsharkawy AM, Lamb CA, Al-Rifai A, Newton JL, Jones DE, Hudson M. Fatigue in primary sclerosing cholangitis is associated with sympathetic over-activity and increased cardiac output. Liver International 2015, 35(5), 1633-1641.
- Gotts ZM, Ellis JG, Deary V, Newton JL. Feasibility of delivering CBT-I in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). In: 6th World Congress on Sleep Medicine. 2015, Seoul, South Korea: Elsevier.
- Hackett KL, Lambson R, Gotts ZM, Strassheim V, Deary V, Newton JL. Identifying and tackling unmet service-user needs in a novel generic fatigue clinic: A group concept mapping study. In: BACME Conference (6th). 2015, Milton Keynes: BACME.
- Hackett K, Newton J, Deane K, Rapley T, Deary V, Kolehmainen N, Ng W-F. Identifying participation barriers and key intervention targets for an autoimmune disease. In: 39th College of Occupational Therapists Annual Conference and Exhibition. 2015, Brighton, UK: Sage. In Press.
- Hackett K, Rapley T, Kolehmainen N, Deary V, Deane K, Bowman S, Newton J, Ng W-F. Identifying stakeholder informed priority targets for a non-pharmacological intervention package to improve functional capacity: a multi-centre mixed methods study. In: 13th International Symposium on Sjögren's Syndrome. 2015, Bergen, Norway: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
- Hackett K, Deane K, Rapley T, Deary V, Bowman S, Price E, Newton J, Ng W-F. Identifying Targets for a Non-Pharmacological Therapy Intervention Package to Improve Participation in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Patients: A Group Concept Mapping Study. In: 16th Annual European Congress of Rheumatology - European League Against Rheumatism Congress. 2015, Rome, Italy: BMJ Publishing Group.
- Madathil A, Hollingsworth KG, Blamire AM, Razvi S, Newton JL, Taylor R, Weaver JU. Levothyroxine Improves Abnormal Cardiac Bioenergetics in Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Study. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2015, 100(4), E607-E610.
- Hester KLM, Newton J, DeSoyza A, Rapley T. Living your life with bronchiectasis: an exploration of patients and carers information needs informing development of a novel information resource. In: British Thoracic Winter Meeting 2015. 2015, London, UK: BMJ Group.
- Wiscombe S, Newton J, Day C, Gibson J, West S. Obstructive sleep apnoea is common in adults with biopsy-proven non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Sleep Medicine 2015, 16(8), 1026.
- Durham J, McDonald C, Hutchinson L, Newton JL. Painful Temporomandibular Disorders Are Common in Patients with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome and Impact Significantly upon Quality of Life. Journal of Oral & Facial Pain and Headache 2015, 29(2), 152-157.
- Gorman GS, Elson JL, Newman J, Payne B, McFarland R, Newton JL, Turnbull DM. Perceived fatigue is highly prevalent and debilitating in patients with mitochondrial disease. Neuromuscular Disorders 2015, 25(7), 563-566.
- Heslop-Marshall K, Baker C, Carrick-Sen D, Stenton SC, Newton J, Burns GP, De Soyza A. Prevalence of anxiety and paitent characteristics from a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to identify if cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) by respiratory nurses reduces anxiety in COPD. In: British Thoracic Society. 2015, London, UK: BMJ Publishing Group.
- Jopson L, Newton JL, Howel D, Palmer J, Isaacs J, Qian J, Wilkinson J, Blamire A, Floudas A, Jones DE. RITPBC: B-cell depleting therapy (RITUXIMAB) as a treatment for fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. In: 50th Annual meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver. 2015, Vienna, Austria: Elsevier.
- Jopson L, Newton JL, Palmer J, Floudas A, Isaacs J, Qian J, Wilkinson J, Trenell M, Blamire A, Howel D, Jones DE. RITPBC: B-Cell Depleting Therapy (rituximab) as a treatment for fatigue in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2015, 5(8), e007985.
- Gotts ZM, Newton JL, Ellis JG. Sleep in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. In: Pandi-Perumal SR; Kramer M; Narasimhan M, ed. Sleep and Psychosomatic Medicine, 2nd Edition. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2015.
- Gotts ZM, Ellis JG, Deary V, Barclay N, Newton JL. The Association between Daytime Napping and Cognitive Functioning in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. PLOS One 2015, 10(9).
- Lambson R, Newton JL, Strassheim V, Gotts ZM, Deary V, Hackett KL. The evolution of the Newcastle CRESTA Fatigue Clinic: a unique NHS multidisciplinary approach to fatigue. Journal of Rheumatology Occupational Therapy 2015, 29(1), 7-11.
- Hackett KL, Deane KHO, Deary V, Newton JL, Rapley T, Ng W-F. A Systematic Review of Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Primary Sjögren's Syndrome. In: Rheumatology 2014. 2014, Liverpool, UK: Oxford University Press.
- Zalewski P, Buszko K, Zawadka-Kunikowska M, Slomko J, Szrajda J, Klawe JJ, Tafil-Klawe M, Sinski M, Newton J. Cardiovascular and autonomic responses to whole-body cryostimulation in essential hypertension. Cryobiology 2014, 69(2), 249-255.
- Mactier KE, Firbank M, Kerr SJ, Newton JL, McDonald C. Cerebral Microbleeds are not associated with Physical or Cognitive Fuction in Community Dwelling Older People. In: British Geriatrics Society Communications to the Spring Meeting. 2014, Manchester, UK: Oxford University Press.
- Bitner A, Zalewski P, Klawe JJ, Kozakiewicz M, Newton JL. Chronic fatigue syndrome in 57-year-old woman. Central European Journal of Medicine 2014, 9(1), 126-132.
- Tullo E, Robinson L, Newton J. Comparing the perceptions of academics and members of the public about patient and public involvement in ageing research. Age and Ageing 2014, 44(3), 533-536.
- Hackett KL, Newton JL, Deane KHO, Rapley T, Deary V, Kolehmainen N, Lendrem DW, Ng W-F. Developing a service user informed intervention to improve participation and ability to perform daily activities in primary Sjӧgren’s syndrome: a mixed methods study protocol. BMJ Open 2014, 4(8), e006264.
- Veerasamy M, Sinclair H, Newton J, Kirkwood T, Kunadian V. Frailty is common among older patients referred for invasive treatment in the setting of non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome. In: ESC Congress 2014. 2014, Barcelona, Spain: Oxford University Press.
- Orr JG, Homer T, Ternent L, Newton J, McNeil CJ, Hudson M, Jones DEJ. Health related quality of life in people with advanced chronic liver disease. Journal of Hepatology 2014, 61(5), 1158-1165.
- Orr J G., Homer T, Ternent L, Newton J, McNeil C J., Hudson M, Jones D E.J. 'Health Related Quality of Life in People with Advanced Chronic Liver Disease'. Journal of Hepatology 2014, 61(5), 1158–1165.
- Frith J, Newton JL. Lower Limb and Abdominal Compression in the Management of Orthostatic Hypotension-Not Supported by the Evidence. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2014, 62(4), 781-782.
- Frith J, Newton JL. Lower Limb and Abdominal Compression in the Management of Orthostatic Hypotension—Not Supported by the Evidence. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2014, 62(4), 781-782.
- McDonald C, Pearce MS, Newton JL, Kerr SRJ. Masked hypertension is common and is associated with significant mortality. In: British Geriatrics Society Autumn Meeting. 2014, Yorkshire: Oxford University Press.
- Frith J, Newton JL, Parry SW. Measuring and defining orthostatic hypotension in the older person. Age and Ageing 2014, 43(2), 168-170.
- Hackett KL, Deane K, Deary V, Rapley T, Newton J, Ng WF. Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Primary Sjogren's Syndrome: A Systematic Review of the Evidence. In: EULAR: The Annual European Congress of Rheumatology. 2014, Paris, France: BMJ Publishing Group.
- Hackett KL, Deane K, Deary V, Rapley T, Newton JL, Ng WF. Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: A Systematic Review of the Evidence. In: Annual European Congress of Rheumatology (EULAR 2014). 2014, Paris, France: BMJ Publishing Group.
- Frith J, Ng WF, Day CP, Payne B, Sheerin N, Gorman G, Jones D, Newton JL. Orthostatic intolerance is common in chronic disease - A clinical cohort study. International Journal of Cardiology 2014, 174(3), 861-862.
- McDonald C, Koshi S, Busner L, Kavi L, Newton JL. Postural tachycardia syndrome is associated with significant symptoms and functional impairment predominantly affecting young women: a UK perspective. BMJ Open 2014, 4(6), e004127.
- Robinson L, Newton JL, Jones D, Dawson P. Promoting self-management and adherence with strength and balance training for older people with long-term conditions: a mixed-methods study. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 2014, 20(4), 318-326.
- Frith J, Bashir AS, Elliott CS, Newton JL. Public and patient research priorities for orthostatic hypotension. Age and Ageing 2014, 43(6), 865-868.
- Robinson L, Newton JL, Jones D, Dawson P. Self-management and adherence with exercise-based falls prevention programmes: a qualitative study to explore the views and experiences of older people and physiotherapists. Disability and Rehabilitation 2014, 36(5), 379-386.
- McDonald C, Firbank M, Pearce M, Blamire AM, Newton JL, Kerr S. Symptoms During Carotid Sinus Massage, Not Hemodynamic Change, Are Associated with White Matter Hyperintensity Volume on Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2014, 62(10), 1988-1989.
- Hackett K, Newton J, Rapley T, Deane K, Deary V, Ng W-F. Systematic reviews of occupational therapy interventions: summarizing research evidence and highlighting the gaps. British Journal of Occupational Therapy 2014, 77(9), 479-482.
- Gotts ZM, Ellis JG, Newton JL, Deary V. The role of sleep in chronic fatigue syndrome: a narrative review. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior 2014, 2(3), 163-184.
- Tomas C, Newton J, Watson S. A review of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in chronic fatigue syndrome. ISRN Neuroscience 2013, 2013, 784520.
- Patanwala I, McMeekin P, Walters R, Mells G, Alexander G, Newton J, Shah H, Coltescu C, Hirschfield GM, Hudson M, Jones D. A validated clinical tool for the prediction of varices in PBC: The Newcastle Varices in PBC Score. Journal of Hepatology 2013, 59(2), 327-335.
- Pells G, Mells G, Newton JL, Jones DEJ, UK-PBC Consortium. Age at Diagnosis Predicts Treatment Response in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC). In: Communications to the British Geriatrics Society Autumn Meeting. 2013, Harrogate, UK: Oxford University Press.
- Gotts ZM, Deary V, Newton J, Van der Dussen D, De Roy P, Ellis JG. Are there sleep-specific phenotypes in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome? A cross-sectional polysomnography analysis. BMJ Open 2013, 3(6), e002999.
- Lewis I, Pariman J, Spickett G, Newton JL. Clinical characteristics of a novel subgroup of chronic fatigue syndrome patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. Journal of Internal Medicine 2013, 273(5), 501-510.
- Bates MG, Newman JH, Jakovljevic DG, Hollingsworth KG, Alston CL, Zalewski P, Klawe JJ, Blamire AM, Macgowan GA, Keavney BD, Bourke JP, Schaefer A, McFarland R, Newton JL, Turnbull DM, Taylor RW, Trenell MI, Gorman GS. Defining cardiac adaptations and safety of endurance training in patients with m.3243A>g-related mitochondrial disease. International Journal of Cardiology 2013, 168(4), 3599-3608.
- Heslop K, Newton J, Baker C, Burns G, Carrick-Sen D, De Soyza A. Effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) interventions for anxiety in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) undertaken by respiratory nurses: the COPD CBT CARE study: (ISRCTN55206395). BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013, 13, 62.
- Elliott C, Frith J, Day CP, Jones DEJ, Newton JL. Functional Impairment in Alcoholic Liver Disease and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is Significant and Persists over 3 Years of Follow-Up. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 2013, 58(8), 2383-2391.
- Payne BAI, Hateley CL, Ong ELC, Premchand N, Schmid ML, Schwab U, Newton JL, Price DA. HIV-associated fatigue in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy: novel biological mechanisms?. HIV Medicine 2013, 14(4), 247-251.
- Ewan V, Sails A, Walls A, Newton J. Hospital Acquired Pneumonia, Dental Plaque and Oral Colonisation with Respiratory Pathogens: Untangling Complex Relationships. In: British Geriatrics Society Autumn Meeting. 2013, Harrogate, UK: Oxford University Press.
- Tomas C, Newton J, Watson S. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. ISRN Neuroscience 2013. In Press.
- Lewis I, Pairman J, Spickett G, Newton JL. Is Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in Older Patients a different disease? A clinical cohort study. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 2013, 43(3), 302-308.
- Frith J, Reeve P, Newton JL. Length of Time Required to Achieve a Stable Baseline Blood Pressure in the Diagnosis of Orthostatic Hypotension. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2013, 61(8), 1414-1415.
- McDonald C, Pearce MS, Newton JL, Kerr SRJ. Management of Hypertension in Community-Dwelling Older People has improved over the Last Decade and is not associated with Increase Risk of Falls, Dizziness or Syncope. In: British Geriatrics Society Spring Meeting. 2013, Belfast, Ireland: Oxford University Press.
- Ewan V, Sails A, Walls AWG, Rushton S, Newton JL. Medical and Dental Factors Influencing the Dynamics of Oral Colonisation with Potential Respiratory Pathogens in Older Patients with Lower Limb Fracture. In: British Geriatrics Society Spring Meeting. 2013, Belfast, Ireland: Oxford University Press.
- Pells G, Ducker S, Palmer J, Newton J, Jones D, UK-PBC Consortium. Patient Impact of Inflammation in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC): Inflammatory Cytokine Levels are Elevated but Unrelated to Fatigue Severity. In: British Society of Gastroenterology Annual General Meeting. 2013, Glasgow, UK: BMJ Publishing Group.
- Szymanska J, Goralczyk K, Klawe JJ, Lukowicz M, Michalska M, Goralczyk B, Zalewski P, Newton JL, Gryko L, Zajac A, Rosc D. Phototherapy with low-level laser influences the proliferation of endothelial cells and vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta secretion. Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2013, 64(3), 387-391.
- Szymanska J, Goralczyk K, Klawe JJ, Lukowicz M, Michalska M, Goralczyk B, Zalewski P, Newton JL, Gryko L, Zajac A, Rosc D. Phototherapy with Low-Level Laser Influences the Proliferation of Endothelial Cells and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Secretion. Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 2013, 64(3), 387-391.
- McDonald C, Pearce MS, Newton JL, Kerr S. Poor Gait and Balance Predict Poor Cognitive Function and Cognitive Decline 10 Years Later. In: British Geriatrics Society Spring Meeting. 2013, Belfast, Ireland: Oxford University Press.
- Griffiths L, Newton J, Jones D. Prevalence of Falls in the UK PBC Population. In: British Society of Gastroenterology Annual General Meeting. 2013, Glasgow, UK: BMJ Publishing Group.
- Kerr SRJ, Newton JL, McDonald C. Prevalence of Most Vascular Risk Factors Increases But End-Organ Disease Remains Constant Over 10 Years Follow-Up in a Community-Dwelling Cohort of Older People. In: British Geriatrics Society Spring Meeting. 2013, Belfast, Ireland: Oxford University Press.
- Zalewski P, Jones D, Lewis I, Frith J, Newton JL. Reduced thoracic fluid content in early-stage primary biliary cirrhosis that associates with impraired cardiac inotropy. American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal & Liver Physiology 2013, 305, G393-7.
- Jakovljevic DG, Hallsworth K, Zalewski P, Thoma C, Klawe J, Day CP, Newton J, Trenell MI. Resistance exercise improves autonomic regulation at rest and haemodynamic response to exercise in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clinical Science 2013, 125(3), 143-149.
- Clapp A, Tullo E, Carrick-Sen D, Newton J, Hirst B. Responding to the Healthcare Needs of an Ageing Population: The Development of a Postgraduate Masters Course in Clinical Research. In: British Geriatrics Society Spring Meeting. 2013, Belfast, Ireland: Oxford University Press.
- Anderson K, Jones DEJ, Wilton K, Newton JL. Restless leg syndrome is a treatable cause of sleep disturbance and fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis. Liver International 2013, 33(2), 239-243.
- Carbone M, Mells GF, Pells G, Dawwas MF, Newton JL, Heneghan MA, Neuberger JM, Day DB, Ducker SJ, Sandford RN, Alexander GJ, Jones DEJ, UK PBC Consortium. Sex and Age Are Determinants of the Clinical Phenotype of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Response to Ursodeoxycholic Acid. Gastroenterology 2013, 144(3), 560-569.
- Mells G, Carbone M, Pells G, Newton J, Bathgate A, Burroughs A, Heneghan M, Neuberger J, Day D, Ducker S, Sandford R, Alexander G, Jones D, UK-PBC Consortium. The impact of liver transplantation on the phenotype of primary biliary cirrhosis patients in the UK-PBC cohort. Journal of Hepatology 2013, 58(1), 67–73.
- Mells G, Pells G, Newton JL, Bathgate A, Burroughs A, Heneghan M, Neuberger JM, Day D, Ducker SJ, Sandford R, Alexander G, Jones DEJ. The impact of primary biliary cirrhosis on perceived quality of life: The UK-PBC national study. Hepatology 2013, 58(1), 273-283.
- Zalewski P, Klawe JJ, Pawlak J, Tafil-Sklaw M, Newton JL. Thermal and hemodynamic response to whole-body cryostimulation in healthy subjects. Cryobiology 2013, 66(3), 295-302.
- Hatton AL, Dixon J, Rome K, Newton JL, Martin DJ. Altering gait by way of stimulation of the plantar surface of the foot: the immediate effect of wearing textured insoles in older fallers. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research 2012, 5(s1), 11.
- Newton JL, Frith J, Powell D, Hackett K, Wilton K, Bowman S, Price E, Pease C, Andrews J, Emery P, Hunter J, Gupta M, Vadivelu S, Giles I, Isenberg D, Lanyon P, Jones A, Regan M, Cooper A, Moots R, Sutcliffe N, Bombardieri M, Pitzalis C, McLaren J, Young-Min S, Dasgupta B, Griffiths B, Lendrem D, Mitchell S, Ng WF. Autonomic symptoms are common and are associated with overall symptom burden and disease activity in primary Sjögren's syndrome. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2012, 71(12), 1973-1979.
- McDonald C, Pearce M, Newton J, Kerr S. Blood pressure variability is associated with cognitive impairment in community dwelling older persons and is a predictor of cognitive decline. In: 8th World Congress on Aging and Physical Activity: A Celebration of Diversity and Inclusion in Active Ageing. 2012, Glasgow, UK: Human Kinetics.
- Hollingsworth KG, Macgowan GA, Morris L, Bates MG, Taylor R, Jones DE, Newton JL, Blamire AM. Cardiac torsion-strain relationships in fatigued primary biliary cirrhosis patients show accelerated aging: a pilot cross-sectional study. Journal of Applied Physiology 2012, 112(12), 2043-2048.
- Allen J, Murray A, Di Maria C, Newton JL. Chronic fatigue syndrome and impaired peripheral pulse characteristics on orthostasis-a new potential diagnostic biomarker. Physiological Measurement 2012, 33(2), 231-241.
- Frith J, Fattakhova G, Jones DEJ, Henderson E, Wilton K, Day CP, Newton JL. Cognitive impairment in non-cirrhotic chronic liver disease is unrelated to liver disease severity but associated with ineffective baroreflex function. Gut 2012, 61(7), 1101-1103.
- Frith J, Watson S, Maggs PHBB, Newton JL. Cognitive symptoms are common in immune thrombocytopenia and associate with autonomic symptom burden. European Journal of Haematology 2012, 88(3), 224-228.
- Raftery G, He JB, Pearce R, Birchall D, Newton JL, Blamire AM, Isaacs JD. Disease activity and cognition in rheumatoid arthritis: an open label pilot study. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2012, 14(6), R263.
- Frith J, Reeve P, Newton J. Establishing baseline systolic blood pressure when diagnosing orthostatic hypotension. In: Age and Ageing: British Geriatrics Society Autumn Meeting. 2012, Brighton: Oxford University Press.
- Frith J, Kerr S, Robinson L, Elliott CS, Wilton K, Jones DEJ, Day CP, Newton JL. Falls and Fall-Related Injury Are Common in Older People with Chronic Liver Disease. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 2012, 57(10), 2697-2702.
- Hester KL, Macfarlane JG, Tedd H, Jary H, McAlinden P, Rostron L, Small T, Newton JL, De Soyza A. Fatigue in bronchiectasis. Quarterly Journal of Medicine 2012, 105(3), 235-240.
- Hale M, Newton JL, Jones DEJ. Fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis. British Medical Journal 2012, 345(1), e7004.
- Frith J, Zalewski P, Klawe JJ, Pairman J, Bitner A, Tafil-Klawe M, Newton JL. Impaired blood pressure variability in chronic fatigue syndrome- a potential biomarker. QJM 2012, 105(9), 831-838.
- Frith J, Zalewski P, Klawe JJ, Pairman J, Bitner A, Tafil-Klawe M, Newton JL. Impaired blood pressure variability in chronic fatigue syndrome-a potential biomarker. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine 2012, 105(9), 831-838.
- Hollingsworth KG, Hodgson T, MacGowan GA, Blamire AM, Newton JL. Impaired cardiac function in chronic fatigue syndrome measured using magnetic resonance cardiac tagging. Journal of Internal Medicine 2012, 271(3), 264-270.
- Hackett KL, Newton JL, Frith J, Elliott C, Lendrem D, Foggo H, Edgar S, Mitchell S, Ng F. Impaired functional status in primary Sjogren's syndrome. Arthritis Care & Research 2012, 64(11), 1760-1764.
- Hackett K, Newton J, Ng WF. Occupational therapy: a potentially valuable intervention for people with primary Sjogren's syndrome. British Journal of Occupational Therapy 2012, 75(5), 247-249.
- Ng WF, Stangroom AJ, Davidson A, Wilton K, Mitchell S, Newton JL. Primary Sjogrens syndrome is associated with impaired autonomic response to orthostasis and sympathetic failure. QJM 2012, 105(12), 1191-1199.
- Robinson L, Newton J, Dawson P. Professionals and the public: power or partnership in health research?. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 2012, 18(2), 276-282.
- Patanwala I, Walton R, Mells G, Newton J, Alexander G, Hudson M, Jones D. The clinical impact of varices and a new externally validated non-invasive inexpensive tool to predict their presence in patients with PBC. In: 47th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL). 2012, Barcelona, Spain: Elsevier BV.
- Patanwala I, Walton R, Mells G, Newton JL, Alexander G, Hudson M, Jones DEJ. The clinical impact of varices and a new externally validated non-invasive inexpensive tool to predict their presence in patients with PBC. In: The International Liver Congress. 2012, Barcelona, Spain: Elsevier BV.
- Collerton J, Kingston A, Bond J, Davies K, Eccles MP, Jagger C, Kirkwood TBL, Newton JL. The Personal and Health Service Impact of Falls in 85 Years Olds: Cross-Sectional Findings from the Newcastle 85+ Cohort Study. PLoS One 2012, 7(3), e33078.
- Tullo E, Newton J, Clapp A. What can e-learning offer geriatric medicine in the UK?. Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 2012, 22(3), 235-242.
- Patanwala I, Walter R, Mells GF, Kometa S, Newton JL, Alexander GJ, Hudson M, Jones DE. An externally-validated clinical tool for the prediction of gastro-oesophageal varices in patients with PBC - the Newcastle varices in PBC (NVP) score. In: Hepatology: 62nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). 2011, San Francisco, California, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Jones D, Patanwala I, Newton J. Comparison of the PBC-40 and PBC-27 tools for quality of life assessment in English speaking primary biliary cirrhosis patients. In: Gut: Annual Meeting of the British Society of Gastroenterology. 2011, Birmingham, UK: BMJ Group.
- Newton JL, Reese JA, Watson SI, Vesely SK, Bolton-Maggs PHB, George JN, Terrell DR. Fatigue in adult patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia. European Journal of Haematology 2011, 86(5), 420-429.
- Jones DEJ, Gray J, Frith J, Newton JL. Fatigue severity remains stable over time and independently associated with orthostatic symptoms in chronic fatigue syndrome: a longitudinal study. Journal of Internal Medicine 2011, 269(2), 182-188.
- Newton JL, Elliott C, Frith J, Ghazala C, Pairman J, Jones DEJ. Functional capacity is significantly impaired in primary biliary cirrhosis and is related to orthostatic symptoms. European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2011, 23(7), 566-572.
- Patanwala I, Walter R, Newton JL, Hudson M, Jones DE. Morbidity and mortality associated with varices in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. In: Hepatology: 62nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). 2011, San Francisco, California, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Newton JL, Pairman J, Hallsworth K, Moore S, Ploetz T, Trenell MI. Physical activity intensity but not sedentary activity is reduced in chronic fatigue syndrome and is associated with autonomic regulation. QJM 2011, 104(8), 681-687.
- Newton J, Powell D, Mitchell S, Griffiths B, Bowman S, Ng WF, UK Primary Sjogren's Syndrome. Potentially treatable symptoms in primary Sjogren's Syndrome - Associated fatigue. In: Rheumatology: Annual Meeting of the British Society for Rheumatology. 2011, Brighton, UK: Oxford University Press.
- Elliott C, Frith J, Pairman J, Jones DEJ, Newton JL. Reduction in functional ability is significant postliver transplantation compared with matched liver disease and community dwelling controls. Transplant International 2011, 24(6), 588-595.
- Jones D, Newton J. Reply to: Do fatigue and UDCA therapy truly have independent effects on mortality in PBC?. Journal of Hepatology 2011, 55(3), 729-730.
- McDonald C, Frith J, Newton JL. Single centre experience of ivabradine in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. Europace 2011, 13(3), 427-430.
- Jones DEJ, Newton JL. The Complexity of Fatigue. Hepatology 2011, 53(2), 717-718.
- Jones DE, Al-Rifai A, Frith J, Patanwala I, Newton JL. The independent effects of fatigue and UDCA therapy on mortality in primary biliary cirrhosis: Results of a 9 year cohort follow-up (vol 53, pg 911, 2010) [Corrigendum]. Journal of Hepatology 2011, 55(3), 737.
- Hardy T, MacDonald C, Jones DEJ, Newton JL. A follow-up study of modafinil for the treatment of daytime somnolence and fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis. Liver International 2010, 30(10), 1551-1552.
- Jones DEJ, Hollingsworth KG, Taylor R, Blamire AM, Newton JL. Abnormalities in pH handling by peripheral muscle and potential regulation by the autonomic nervous system in chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of Internal Medicine 2010, 267(4), 394-401.
- McDonald C, Newton J, Lai HM, Baker SN, Jones DE. Central nervous system dysfunction in primary biliary cirrhosis and its relationship to symptoms. Journal of Hepatology 2010, 53(6), 1095-1100.
- Ewan V, Perry JD, Mawson T, McCracken G, Brown AN, Newton J, Walls A. Detecting potential respiratory pathogens in the mouths of older people in hospital. Age and Ageing 2010, 39(1), 122-125.
- Reese JA, Newton J, Watson S, Vesely SK, Bolton-Maggs P, George JN, Terrell D. Documentation of Fatigue In Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) and Its Association with Autonomic Dysfunction. In: Blood: 52nd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology. 2010, Orlando, Florida, USA: American Society of Hematology.
- Reese JA, Newton J, Watson S, Vesely SK, Maggs PB, George JN, Terrell D. Documentation of Fatigue In Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) and Its Association with Autonomic Dysfunction. In: Blood: 52nd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology. 2010, Orlando, Florida, USA: American Society of Hematology.
- Newton JL, Marsh A, Frith J, Parry S. Experience of a rapid access blackout service for older people. Age and Ageing 2010, 39(2), 265-268.
- Frith J, Newton J. Fatigue impact scale. Occupational Medicine 2010, 60(2), 159.
- Macfarlane JG, Tedd H, McAlinden P, Small T, Rostron L, Newton J, De Soyza A. Fatigue in bronchiectasis: Its relationship to pseudomonas colonisation, dyspnoea and airflow obstruction. In: Thorax: British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting. 2010, Westminster, UK: BMJ Group.
- Sutcliffe K, Gray J, Tan MP, Pairman J, Wilton K, Parry SW, Newton JL. Home orthostatic training in chronic fatigue syndrome - a randomized, placebo-controlled feasibility study. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 2010, 40(1), 18-24.
- Tan MP, Newton JL, Chadwick TJ, Gray JC, Nath S, Parry SW. Home orthostatic training in vasovagal syncope modifies autonomic tone: results of a randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study. Europace 2010, 12(2), 240-246.
- Jones DEJ, Hollingsworth K, Fattakhova G, MacGowan G, Taylor R, Blamire A, Newton JL. Impaired cardiovascular function in primary biliary cirrhosis. American Journal of Physiology: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 2010, 298(5), G764-G773.
- Hollingsworth KG, Jones DEJ, Taylor R, Blamire AM, Newton JL. Impaired cardiovascular response to standing in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 2010, 40(7), 608-615.
- Hollingsworth KG, Jones DEJ, Taylor R, Frith J, Blamire AM, Newton JL. Impaired cerebral autoregulation in primary biliary cirrhosis: implications for the pathogenesis of cognitive decline. Liver International 2010, 30(6), 878-885.
- Hollingsworth KG, Newton JL, Patanwala I, Taylor R, Blamire AM, Jones DE. Impaired subendocardial myofibre in primary biliary cirrhosis. In: 61st Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 2010, Boston, MA: Hepatology: Wiley-Blackwell.
- Frith J, Newton JL. Liver disease in older women. Maturitas 2010, 65(3), 210-214.
- Frith J, Elliott C, Pairman J, Patanwala I, Jones DE, Newton JL. Liver transplantation is not associated with significant improvement in functional ability or symptoms. In: 61st Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 2010, Boston, MA: Hepatology: Wiley-Blackwell.
- Hollingsworth KG, Newton JL, Robinson L, Taylor R, Blamire AM, Jones DEJ. Loss of capacity to recover from acidosis in repeat exercise is strongly associated with fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis. Journal of Hepatology 2010, 53(1), 155-161.
- Newton JL, Jones DEJ. Making sense of fatigue. Occupational Medicine 2010, 60(5), 326-329.
- Elliott C, Frith J, Newton J. Occupational therapy in chronic liver disease: a preliminary study to explore the views of occupational therapists and physicians working in the acute medical setting. British Journal of Occupational Therapy 2010, 73(3), 116-120.
- Costigan A, Elliott C, McDonald C, Newton JL. Orthostatic symptoms predict functional capacity in chronic fatigue syndrome: implications for management. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine 2010, 103(8), 589-595.
- Costigan A, Elliott C, McDonald C, Newton J. Orthostatic symptoms predict functional capacity in chronic fatigue syndrome: Implications for management. QJM 2010, 103(8), 589-595.
- McLure S, Willis M, Fox A, Newton J, Hirst B. Postgraduate opportunities in research at NEAS. Journal of Paramedic Practice 2010, 2(5), 230-232.
- Frith J, Day C, Robinson L, Elliott C, Jones D, Newton J. Potential strategies to improve uptake of exercise interventions in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Journal of Hepatology 2010, 52(1), 112-116.
- Frith J, Kerr S, Robinson L, Elliott C, Ghazala C, Wilton K, Pairman J, Jones D, Newton J. Primary biliary cirrhosis is associated with falls and significant fall related injury. QJM 2010, 103(3), 153-161.
- Newton J, Jones D. Reply. Occupational Medicine 2010, 60(8), 666-667.
- Frith J, Newton JL. Response: Primary biliary cirrhosis is associated with falls and significant fall related injury. QJM: an International Journal of Medicine 2010, 103(6), 438-439.
- Frith J, Newton JL. Response: Primary biliary cirrhosis is associated with falls and significant fall related injury. QJM 2010, 103(6), 438-439.
- Fletcher EH, Johnston DE, Fisher CR, Koerner RJ, Newton JL, Gray CS. Systematic review: Helicobacter pylori and the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding risk in patients taking aspirin. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2010, 32(7), 831-839.
- Newton J. Systemic symptoms in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Digestive Diseases 2010, 28(1), 214-219.
- Jones DE, Al-Rifai A, Frith J, Patanwala I, Newton JL. The independent effects of fatigue and UDCA therapy on mortality in primary biliary cirrhosis: Results of a 9 year follow-up. Journal of Hepatology 2010, 53(5), 911-917.
- Newton J, Mabillard H, Scott A, Hoad A, Spickett G. The Newcastle NHS Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Service: not all fatigue is the same. Journal of the Royal College of Physicians Edinburgh 2010, 40(4), 304-307.
- Newton J, Jones DEJ. Variability of perceived fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis: implications for symptom assessment. Liver International 2010, 30(2), 334.
- Duncan GW, Tan MP, Newton JL, Reeve P, Parry SW. Vasovagal syncope in the older person: differences in presentation between older and younger patients. Age and Ageing 2010, 39(4), 465-470.
- Jones DE, McDonald C, Newton JL. A Efficacy and Tolerability of Modafinil for the Treatment of Daytime Somnolence and Fatigue in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis. In: Hepatology: 60th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 2009, Boston, Massachusetts, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Tan MP, Newton JL, Chadwick TJ, Nath S, Parry SW. A Randomized Placebo Controlled Pilot Study to Establish the Length of Training for Home Orthostatic Training in Vasosagal Syncope. In: Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology: 11th International Workshop on Cardiac Arrhythmias. 2009, Venice, Italy: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
- Newton J, Day CP. Authors' response. Gut 2009, 58(1), 150-.
- Frith J, Newton JL. Autonomic dysfunction in chronic liver disease. Liver International 2009, 29(4), 483-489.
- Hollingsworth K, Newton J, Blamire A, Taylor R, Jones D. Cardiac Muscle Bioenergetic Abnormality in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC). In: Journal of Hepatology: 44th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver. 2009, Copenhagen, Denmark: Journal of Hepatology.
- Frith J, Jones D, Newton JL. Chronic liver disease in an ageing population. Age and Ageing 2009, 38(1), 11-18.
- Fattakhova GE, Jones DE, Frith J, Day CP, Newton JL. Cognitive Symptoms and Prevalent in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Unrelated to the Severity of Liver Disease. In: Hepatology: 60th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 2009, Boston, Massachusetts, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Fletcher EH, Newton JL, Gray CS. Commencing antiplatelet therapy in older people after an acute ischaemic stroke. Age and Ageing 2009, 38(2), 142-144.
- Walker LJ, Newton J, Jones DEJ, Bassendine MF. Comment on Biochemical Response to Ursodeoxycholic Acid and Long-Term Prognosis in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis. Hepatology 2009, 49(1), 337-337.
- Newton JL, Pairman J, Wilton K, Jones DEJ, Day C. Fatigue and autonomic dysfunction in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clinical Autonomic Research 2009, 19(6), 319-326.
- Newton J, Brown A, Sheerin NS. Fatigue in early renal disease. British Journal of Renal Disease 2009, 14(2).
- Newton J, Day CP. Fatigue in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: is there a role for hypothyroidism Response. Gut 2009, 58(1), 150-150.
- Al-Rifai A, Prince MI, Henderson E, Jones DE, Newton JL, Hudson M. Fatigue in PSC Patients With and Without Inflammatory Bowel Disease. In: Hepatology: 60th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 2009, Boston, Massachusetts, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Hollingsworth KG, Jones DE, Aribisala BS, Thelwall PE, Taylor R, Newton JL, Blamire AM. Globus pallidus magnetisation transfer ratio, T1 and T2 in primary biliary cirrhosis: relationship with disease stage and age. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 2009, 29(4), 780-784.
- Parry SW, Norton M, Pairman J, Baptist M, Wilton K, Reeve P, Sutcliffe K, Newton JL. Impedance cardiography: a role in vasovagal syncope diagnosis?. Age and Ageing 2009, 38(6), 718-723.
- Flint B, Baker C, Freeston M, Newton JL. Level of psychosocial impairment predicts early response to treatment in vasovagal syncope. Europace 2009, 11(2), 231-236.
- Frith J, Newton J. Liver disease in older people. CME Journal Geriatric Medicine 2009, 11(3), 110-114.
- Frith J, Newton J. Liver transplantation in more elderly age. Transplant International 2009, 22(6), 599-600.
- Frith J, Newton J. Liver transplantation in more elderly age: Invited Commentary on Schmitt et al. Transplant International 2009, 22(6), 599-600.
- Hollingsworth KG, Newton JL, Blamire A, Taylor R, Jones DE. Loss of Capacity to Recover from Acidosis on Repeat Exercise is Strongly Associated with Fatigue in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC). In: Hepatology: 60th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 2009, Boston, Massachusetts, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Newton JL, Sheth A, Shin J, Pairman J, Wilton K, Burt JA, Jones DEJ. Lower Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Psychosomatic Medicine 2009, 71(3), 361-365.
- Frith J, Newton J. Managing abnormal liver blood tests in older people. Geriatrics and Aging 2009, 12(6), 295-300.
- Stevens S, Allen J, Murray A, Jones D, Newton J. Microvascular optical assessment confirms the presence of peripheral autonomic dysfunction in primary biliary cirrhosis. Liver International 2009, 29(10), 1467-1472.
- Frith J, Robinson L, Wilton K, Day CP, Newton JL. Non-Alcohlic Fatty Liver Disease is Associated with Recurrent Falls and Significant Injury. In: Hepatology: 60th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 2009, Boston, Massachusetts, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Frith J, Day CP, Henderson E, Burt AD, Newton JL. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Older People. Gerontology 2009, 55(6), 607-613.
- Elliott C, Newton J. Occupational therapy in chronic liver disease: A gap in service delivery. British Journal of Occupational Therapy 2009, 72(3), 133-136.
- Jones DEJ, Gray JC, Newton J. Perceived fatigue is comparable between different disease groups. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine 2009, 102(9), 617-624.
- Frith J, Jones DEJ, Newton J. Regulation of Cerebral Blood Flow is Significantly Impaired in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis. In: Journal of Hepatology: 44th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver. 2009, Copenhagen, Denmark: Elsevier BV.
- Newton J. Reply. Hepatology 2009, 49(2), 698.
- Tan MP, Newton JL, Reeve P, Murray A, Chadwick TJ, Parry SW. Results of carotid sinus massage in a tertiary referral unit - is carotid sinus syndrome still relevant?. Age and Ageing 2009, 38(6), 680-686.
- Newton J, Poyner E, Jones DEJ. Serum anti-mitochondrial antibodies and fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis. Liver International 2009, 29(8), 1285-1286.
- Parry SW, Reeve P, Lawson J, Shaw FE, Davison J, Norton M, Frearson R, Kerr S, Newton JL. The Newcastle protocols 2008: an update on head-up tilt table testing and the management of vasovagal syncope and related disorders. Heart 2009, 95(5), 416-420.
- Parry SW, Tan MP, Newton JL, Chadwick TJ. The Relationship Between Baroreflex Sensitivity and the Hemodynamic Responses to Carotid Sinus Massage. In: Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology: 11th International Workshop on Cardiac Arrhythmias. 2009, Venice, Italy: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
- Newton JL, Pairman J, Sutcliffe K, Wilton K, Jones DEJ. A Predictive Model for Fatigue and Its Etiologic Associations in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2008, 6(2), 228-233.
- Jones DEJ, Sutcliffe K, Pairman JE, Wilton KJA, Newton JL. An integrated care pathway improves quality of life in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis. QJM 2008, 101(7), 535-543.
- Newton JL, Elliott C, Frith J, Robinson L, Jungerious D, Jones DE, Day CP. Appreciation of the benefits of exercise programmes in non-alcoholic liver disease: implications of fatigue and impact upon activities of daily living. In: 59th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 2008, San Francisco, CA, USA: Hepatology: John Wiley & Sons.
- Newton JL, Hollingsworth KG, Blamire AM, Taylor R, Pearce R, Jones DE. Autonomic dysfunction: A potential modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline in primary biliary cirrhosis. Journal of Hepatology 2008, 48(Supplement 2), S325 no. 866.
- Tan MP, Newton JL, Chadwick T, Parry SW. Changes in baroreflex sensitivity with home orthostatic training in vasovagal syncope - a randomized, placebo controlled pilot study. In: Hypertension: 13th Annual Meeting of the European Council for Cardiovascular Research. 2008, Nice, France: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
- Newton JL, Hollingsworth KG, Taylor R, El-Sharkawy AM, Khan ZU, Pearce R, Sutcliffe K, Okonkwo O, Davidson A, Burt J, Blamire AM, Jones DEJ. Cognitive impairment in primary biliary cirrhosis: Symptom impact and potential etiology. Hepatology 2008, 48(2), 541-549.
- Ewan V, Newton JL. Diagnosis and management of constipation in older people. Prescriber 2008, 19(3), 12-21.
- Parry SW, Frearson R, Steen N, Newton JL, Tryambake P, Kenny RA. Evidence-based algorithms and the management of falls and syncope presenting to acute medical services. Clinical Medicine 2008, 8(2), 157-162.
- Frith J, Robinson L, Pairman J, Wilton K, Jones DE, Newton JL. Falls are common in primary biliary cirrhosis and associate with dysautonomia and distal lower limb weakness. In: 59th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 2008, San Francisco, CA, USA: Hepatology: John Wiley & Sons.
- Newton JL, Pairman J, Wilton K, Jones DE, Day CP. Fatigue in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) associates with hypotension and autonomic dysfunction. In: Hepatology: 59th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver-Diseases. 2008, San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Newton JL, Jones DEJ, Henderson E, Kane L, Wilton K, Burt AD, Day CP. Fatigue in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is significant and associates with inactivity and excessive daytime sleepiness but not with liver disease severity or insulin resistance. Gut 2008, 57(6), 807-813.
- Newton JL. Fatigue in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis. Clinics in Liver Disease 2008, 12(2), 367-383.
- Legge H, Norton M, Newton JL. Fatigue is significant in vasovagal syncope and is associated with autonomic symptoms. Europace 2008, 10(9), 1095-1101.
- Parry SW, Gray JC, Newton JL, Reeve P, O'Shea D, Kenny RA. 'Front-loaded' head-up tilt table testing: Validation of a rapid first line nitrate-provoked tilt protocol for the diagnosis of vasovagal syncope. Age and Ageing 2008, 37(4), 411-415.
- Hollingsworth K, Jones DE, Aribisala BS, Taylor R, Blamire A, Newton JL. Globus pallidus abnormalities in MRI T2 relaxation time in primary biliary cirrhosis are associated with impaired cerebral autoregulation: implications for the pathogenesis of cognitive decline. In: Hepatology: 59th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver-Diseases. 2008, San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Ewan V, Newton JL. Management of Clostridium difficile infection. Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh 2008, 38, 144-147.
- Michel J-P, Newton JL, Kirkwood TBL. Medical challenges of improving the quality of a longer life. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association 2008, 299(6), 688-690.
- Newton JL, Hollingsworth KG, Palmer JM, McDonald CM, Taylor R, Blamire AM, Jones DE. Mitochondrial dysfunction and muscle PH abnormality post-exercise: A two-hit mechanism for fatigue pathogenesis in primary biliary cirrhosis. Journal of Hepatology 2008, 48(Supplement 2), S325 no. 865.
- Frith J, Robinson L, Jungerius D, Pairman J, Wilton K, Jones DEJ, Newton JL. Orthostatic grading scale is better than timed up and go at identifying fallers with primary biliary cirrhosis. In: Age and Ageing: British Geriatrics Society Spring Meeting. 2008, Brighton: Oxford University Press.
- Hollingsworth KG, Newton JL, Taylor R, McDonald C, Palmer JM, Blamire AM, Jones DEJ. Pilot Study of Peripheral Muscle Function in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: Potential Implications for Fatigue Pathogenesis. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2008, 6(9), 1041-1048.
- Hoad A, Spickett G, Elliott J, Newton J. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome is an under-recognized condition in chronic fatigue syndrome. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine 2008, 101(12), 961-965.
- Newton JL, Day CP, Gibson GJ, Tomlinson M, Henderson E. Recurrent noctural hypoxaemia is associated with progressive non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In: 59th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 2008, San Francisco, CA, USA: Hepatology: John Wiley & Sons.
- Ross R, Parry S, Norton M, Newton JL. Self-reported symptom burden; outcome in 418 patients from the Newcastle Vasovagal (Neurocardiogenic) cohort. QJM 2008, 101(2), 127-135.
- Ewan VC, Newton JL. The management of C. Difficile infection. Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh 2008, 38, 144-147.
- Tan MP, Newton JL, Chadwick TJ, Parry SW. The relationship between carotid sinus hypersensitivity, orthostatic hypotension, and vasovagal syncope: a case-control study. Europace 2008, 10(12), 1400-1405.
- Stevens S, Allen J, Murray A, Jones DE, Newton JL. Vascular optical assessment of peripheral autonomic dysfunctino (AD) in primary biliary cirrhosis. In: 59th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 2008, San Francisco, CA, USA: Hepatology: John Wiley & Sons.
- Jones DEJ, Newton JL. An open study of modafinil for the treatment of daytime somnolence and fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2007, 25(4), 471-476.
- Jones DEJ, Newton JL. An open study of modafinil for the treatment of daytime somnolence and fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2007, 25(4), 471-476.
- Jones DEJ, Newton JL. Association between fatigue and decreased survival in primary biliary cirrhosis - Reply. Gut 2007, 56(8), 1166-1166.
- Jones DEJ, Newton JL. Authors' reply [2]. Gut 2007, 56(8), 1166-.
- Newton JL, Davidson A, Kerr S, Bhala N, Pairman J, Burt J, Jones DEJ. Autonomic dysfunction in primary biliary cirrhosis correlates with fatigue severity. European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2007, 19(2), 125-132.
- Hollingsworth K, Jones DE, El-Sharkawy A, Khan Z, Taylor R, Blamire A, Newton JL. Autonomic dysfunction in primary biliary cirrhosis is associated with structural brain abnormalities, particularly in the globus pallidus. In: 58th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 2007, Boston, MA: Hepatology, Wiley-Blackwell.
- McDonald C, Baker S, Lai M, Jones DE, Newton JL. Central cerebral activation is reduced in primary biliary cirrhosis and associated with excessive daytime sleepiness. In: 58th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 2007, Boston, MA: Hepatology, Wiley-Blackwell.
- Donaldson P, Veeramani S, Baragiotta A, Floreani A, Venturi C, Pearce S, Wilson V, Jones D, James O, Taylor J, Newton J, Bassendine M. Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen-4 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Haplotypes in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2007, 5(6), 755-760.
- Newton JL, Jones DE, Kane L, Henderson E, Pairman J, Wilton K, Burt AD, Day CP. Fatigue in NAFLD is severe and associates with excessive daytime somnolence but not with liver disease severity or insulin resistance. In: 58th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 2007, Boston, MA: Hepatology, Wiley-Blackwell.
- Jones DEJ, Newton JL. Fatigue-associated mortality in Primary Biliary Cirrosis is principally a problem of the over 65’s. Gut 2007, 56, 1166.
- Newton JL, Hudson M, Tachtatzis P, Sutcliffe K, Pairman J, Burt JA, Jones DEJ. Population prevalence and symptom associations of autonomic dysfunction in primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 2007, 45(6), 1496-1505.
- Newton JL, Jones DEJ. Population prevalence of autonomic dysfunction in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis. Hepatology 2007, 45(6), 1496-1505.
- Ewan V, Norton M, Newton JL. Symptom improvement in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome with the sinus node blocker ivabradine. Europace 2007, 9(12), 1202-.
- Newton JL, Okonkwo O, Sutcliffe K, Seth A, Shin J, Jones DEJ. Symptoms of autonomic dysfunction in chronic fatigue syndrome. QJM 2007, 100(8), 519-526.
- Newton JL, Okonkwo O, Sutcliffe K, Seth A, Shin J, Jones DEJ. Symptoms of autonomic dysfunction in chronic fatigue syndrome. QJM: an international journal of medicine 2007, 100(8), 519-526.
- Blackburn P, Freeston M, Baker CR, Jones DEJ, Newton JL. The role of psychological factors in the fatigue of primary biliary cirrhosis. Liver International 2007, 27(5), 654-661.
- Murtagh MJ, Stobbart L, Fay M, Thomson RG, Newton JL. Trust, respect and responsibility: rationalities of care in decision making. Health 2007, Forthcoming.
- Murtagh MJ, Stobbart L, Fay M, Thomson RG, Newton J. Understanding the context of older people's decision making: a qualitative study of decision making about prevention and treatment of falls and fractures. Health Expectations 2007.
- Newton JL, Jones DEJ, Wilton K, Pairman J, Parry SW, Francis RM. Calcaneal bone mineral density in older patients who have fallen. QJM 2006, 99(4), 231-236.
- Newton JL, Jones DEJ, Wilton K, Pairman J, Parry SW, Francis RM. Calcaneal bone mineral density in older patients who have fallen. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine 2006, 99(4), 231-236.
- Newton JL, Bhala N, Burt J, Jones DEJ. Characterisation of the associations and impact of symptoms in primary biliary cirrhosis using a disease specific quality of life measure. Journal of Hepatology 2006, 44(4), 776-783.
- Okonkwo OC, Burt J, Jones DE, Newton JL. Cognitive impairment in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is related to sympathetic autonomic nervous system dysfunction. In: 57th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 2006, Boston, MA: Hepatology: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
- Coiffait L, Bevan RM, Newton J, Redfern CPF, Wolff K. Elucidating the movements of migratory birds through the combined use of stable isotope ‘signatures’ and DNA markers. In: Boere, G.C.; Galbraith, C.A.; Stroud, D.A, ed. Waterbirds Around the World. Edinburgh: The Stationery Office, 2006, pp.506-507.
- Newton JL, Gibson GJ, Tomlinson M, Wilton K, Jones D. Fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis is associated with excessive daytime somnolence. Hepatology 2006, 44(1), 91-98.
- Newton JL, Burt JA, Pairman J, Jones DEJ. Fatigue in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis is Associated with Symptomatic Abnormalities in Blood Pressure Regulation. Gut 2006. In Press.
- Jones DEJ, Bhala N, Burt J, Goldblatt J, Prince M, Newton JL. Four year follow up of fatigue in a geographically defined primary biliary cirrhosis patient cohort. Gut 2006, 55(4), 536-541.
- Johns C, Newton JL, Westley BR, May FEB. Human pancreatic polypeptide has a marked diurnal rhythm that is affected by ageing and is associated with the gastric TFF2 circadian rhythm. Peptides 2006, 27(6), 1341-1348.
- Newton JL, Jones DE. Modafinil is an effective treatment for excessive daytime somnolence and fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). In: 57th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 2006, Boston, MA: Hepatology: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
- Jones DEJ, Newton JL. Primary biliary cirrhosis. Horizons in Medicine 2006, 17, 307-315.
- Newton JL, Allen J, Kerr S, Jones DEJ. Reduced heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity in primary biliary cirrhosis. Liver International 2006, 26(2), 197-202.
- Jones DEJ, Bhala N, Newton JL. Reflections on therapeutic trials in primary biliary cirrhosis: A qualify of life oriented counter-view. Hepatology 2006, 43(3), 633.
- Ross R, Parry SW, Norton M, Newton JL. Self reported symptom burden: 418 patients from teh Newcastle VVS Cohort. European Heart Journal (in revision) 2006.
- Newton JL, Kyle P, Liversidge P, Robinson G, Wilton K, Reeve P. The costs of falls in the community to the North East Ambulance Service. Emergency Medical Journal 2006, 23(6), 479-481.
- Jaafer A, Baptist M, Wilton K, Newton JL. The Relative Effectiveness of Physical Counter Manoeuvres in Older People. Europace 2006, (submitted).
- Gracie J, Newton JL, Norton M, Baker C, Freeston M. The role of psychological factors in response to treatment in neurocardiogenic (vasovagal) syncope. Europace 2006, 8(8), 636-643.
- Newton JL, Donaldson P, Parry S, Kenny RA, Smith J, Gibson AM, Morris C. Angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphisms in vasovagal syncope. Europace 2005, 7(4), 396-399.
- Lawson J, Johnson I, Bamiou DE, Newton JL. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: clinical characteristics of dizzy patients referred to a Falls and Syncope Unit. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine 2005, 98(5), 357-364.
- Murtagh M, Stobbart L, Fay M, Newton JL, Law L, Thomson RG. Can you have agency and not choose? Older people’s involvement in decision making about prevention and treatment of falls and fractures. In: International Critical Health Psychology Conference. 2005, Sheffield, UK.
- Morton JA, Newton J, Gray CS. Counting the true cost of antiplatelet therapy for stroke prevention. Age and Ageing 2005, 34(3), 212-214.
- Jacoby A, Rannard A, Buck D, Bhala N, Newton JL, James OFW, Jones DEJ. Development, validation, and evaluation of the PBC-40, a disease specific health related quality of life measure for primary biliary cirrhosis. Gut 2005, 54(11), 1622-1629.
- Newton JL. Effect of age-related changes in gastric physiology on tolerability of medications for older people. Drugs and Aging 2005, 22(8), 655-661.
- Newton JL, Kerr S, Pairman J, McLaren A, Norton M, Kenny RA, Morris CM. Familial neurocardiogenic (vasovagal) syncope. American Journal of Medical Genetics: Part A 2005, 133(2), 176-179.
- Newton JL, Kerr S, Pairman J, McLaren A, Norton M, Kenny RA, Morris CM. Familial neurocardiogenic (Vasovagal) syncope. American Journal of Medical Genetics 2005, 133(2), 176-179.
- Newton JL, Bhala N, Burt JA, Jones DEJ. Fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis is associated with symptoms of autonomic dysfunction. In: Gut: Annual Meeting of the British Society of Gastroenterology. 2005, Birmingham, UK: BMJ Group.
- Murtagh M, Stobbart L, Fay M, Newton JL, Law L, Thomson RG. Older people’s involvement in decision making about prevention and treatment of falls and fractures. In: International Shared Decision Making Conference. 2005, Ottawa, Ontario, USA.
- Stobbart L, Murtagh M, Newton J, Fay A, Thomson R. Older people’s involvement in decision making about prevention and treatment of falls and fractures in an outpatient setting. In: British Sociological Association Medical Sociology Conference. 2005, York, UK.
- Stobbart L, Murtagh MJ, Fay M, Newton JL, Law L, Thomson RG. Older people’s involvement in decision making about prevention and treatment of falls and fractures in an outpatient setting. In: UK Public Health Forum. 2005, Gateshead, UK.
- Newton JL. Problems in the elderly. In: Weinstein, Hawkey, Bosch, ed. Gastroenterology and Hepatology: The Modern Physicians Guide. 2005. In Press.
- Newton JL. Problems in the primary care. In: Weinstein, Hawkey, Bosch, ed. Gastroenterology and Hepatology: The Modern Physicians Guide. 2005. In Press.
- Johns CE, Newton JL, Westley BR, May FEB. The diurnal rhythm of the cytoprotective human trefoil protein TFF2 is reduced by factors associated with gastric mucosal damage: Ageing, Helicobacter pylori Infection, and sleep deprivation. American Journal of Gastroenterology 2005, 100(7), 1491-1497.
- Bhala N, Newton JL. Upper gastrointestinal alarms in older people. Lancet 2005, 366(9490), 982-983.
- Johns CE, May FEB, Newton JL. "Anorexia of ageing": Are gut hormones the answer?. In: Annual Meeting of the British Society of Gastroenterology. 2004, Glasgow: BMJ Group.
- Hartland S, Newton JL, Griffin SM, Donaldson PT. A Functional Polymorphism in the Interleukin-1 Receptor-1 Gene Is Associated with Increased Risk of Helicobacter pylori Infection but Not with Gastric Cancer. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 2004, 49(9), 1545-1550.
- Allan L, Johns E, Doshi M, Kenny RA, Newton JL. Abnormalities of sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic function in subjects with defaecation syncope. Europace 2004, 6(3), 192-198.
- Johns CE, Newton JL, Westley BR, May FEB. Ageing and H pylori infection alter the diurnal rhythm of the gastric cytoprotective trefoil protein TFF2. In: Annual Meeting of the British Society of Gastroenterology. 2004, Glasgow: Gut.
- Burton L, Norton M, Newton JL. Are some antihypertensives more prone to induce hypotensive side effects than others?. Age and Ageing 2004, 33(6), 626-628.
- Newton JL, Bhalla N, Jones DE. Autonomic dysfunction is common in both cirrhotic and precirrhotic primary biliary cirrhosis. In: Hepatology: 55th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). 2004, Boston, Massachusetts, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Newton JL. Changes in upper gastrointestinal physiology with age. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 2004, 125(12), 867-870.
- Ross R, Newton JL. Heart rate and blood pressure changes during gastroscopy in healthy older subjects. Gerontology 2004, 50(3), 182-186.
- Hampton JL, Parry SW, Kenny RA, Newton JL. Lower 24 hour urinary sodium concentrations are associated with more severe symptoms in subjects with vasovagal syncope. Heart 2004, 90(6), 687-688.
- Newton J, Olde Rikkert MGM, Rigaud A-S. Prevention of malnutrition in older people during and after hospitalisation: Results from a randomised controlled trial. Age and Ageing 2004, 33(1), 87.
- Newton JL. Re: Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of PMR/GCA - Reply. Age and Ageing 2004, 33(2), 211-211.
- Newton JL, Bhalla N, Jones DE. Risk factors for sudden cardiac death in primary biliary cirrhosis. In: Hepatology: 55th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). 2004, Boston, Massachusetts, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Newton J, Johns CE, May FEB. The ageing bowel and intolerance to aspirin. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2004, 19(1), 39-45.
- Newton JL, James OFW, Williams GV, Allen A. The diurnal profile of gastric pepsin activity is reduced with Helicobacter pylori infection. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 2004, 49(7-8), 1103-1108.
- Gieroba ZJ, Newton JL, Parry SW, Norton M, Lawson J, Kenny RA. Unprovoked and glyceryl trinitrate-provoked head-up tilt table test is safe in older people: A review of 10 years' experience. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2004, 52(11), 1913-1915.
- Newton JL, Kenny RA, Frearson R, Francis RM. A prospective evaluation of bone mineral density measurement in females who have fallen. Age and Ageing 2003, 32(5), 497-502.
- Newton JL, Kenny RA, Baker CR. Cognitive behavioural therapy as a potential treatment for vasovagal/neurocardiogenic syncope - A pilot study. Europace 2003, 5(3), 299-301.
- Eccles M, Rousseau N, McColl E, Newton J, Grimshaw J. Computerised evidence based guidelines in primary care - Computerised decision support and reflection in action - Reply. British Medical Journal 2003, 326(7398), 1088-1088.
- Johns CE, Newton JL, Westley BR, May FEB. Expression of the cytoprotective trefoil protein TFF2 in human gastric and duodenal biopsies. In: Annual meeting of the British-Society-of-Gastroenterology. 2003, Birmingham: Gut.
- Marr S, Steele K, Swallow VM, Craggs S, Procter S, Newton J, Sen B, McNabb A. Mapping the range and scope of emergency nurse practitioner services in the Northern and Yorkshire Region: A telephone survey. Emergency Medicine Journal 2003, 20(5), 414-417.
- Frearson R, Cassidy T, Newton J. Polymyalgia rheumatica and temporal arteritis: evidence and guidelines for diagnosis and management in older people. Ageing and Society 2003, 32(4), 370-374.
- Newton JL, Kenny R, Lawson J, Frearson R, Donaldson P. Prevalence of family history in vasovagal syncope and haemodynamic response to head up tilt in first degree relatives: Preliminary data for the Newcastle cohort. Clinical Autonomic Research 2003, 13(1), 22-26.
- Armstrong VL, Lawson J, Kamper AM, Newton J, Kenny RA. The use of an implantable loop recorder in the investigation of unexplained syncope in older people. Age and Ageing 2003, 32(2), 185-188.
- Hampton JL, Kenny RA, Newton JL. Effective interventions to prevent falls in older people. British Journal of General Practice 2002, 52(484), 884-886.
- Newton J, Jones D. Osteoporosis in primary biliary cirrhosis. Panminerva Medica 2002, 44(4), 335-341.
- Newton JL, James OFW, Bassendine MF, Jones DEJ. Osteoporosis is not a specific complication of primary biliary cirrhosis. Gut 2002, 50, 898-899.
- Harbison J, Newton JL, Seifer C, Kenny RA. Stokes Adams attacks and cardiovascular syncope. Lancet 2002, 359(9301), 158-160.
- Newton JL. Care of the elderly with gastrointestinal problems in family practice. Best Practice & Research: Clinical Gastroenterology 2001, 15(6), 1013-1025.
- Newton JL, Allan L, Baptist M, Kenny R. Defecation syncope associated with splanchnic sympathetic dysfunction and cured by permanent pacemaker insertion [12]. American Journal of Gastroenterology 2001, 96(7), 2276-2278.
- Semple J, Newton JL, Westley BR, May FEB. Dramatic diurnal variation in the concentration of the human trefoil peptide TFF2 in gastric juice. Gut 2001, 48(5), 648-655.
- Johns E, Goldblatt J, Jones DE, Newton JL. Fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis is associated with early autonomic failure. In: Hepatology. 2001, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Newton J, Francis R, Prince M, James O, Bassendine M, Rawlings D, Jones D. Osteoporosis in primary biliary cirrhosis revisited. Gut 2001, 49(2), 282-287.
- Newton JL. Action stat. Amiodarone overdose. Nursing 2000, 30(2), 33.
- Newton JL, Rawlings D, Prince MI, James OFW, Bassendine MF, Jones DEJ. Osteoporosis is not a specific complication of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). In: JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY. 2000.
- Newton JL, Jones DE, Metcalf JV, Park JB, Burt AD, Bassendine MF, James OFW. Presentation and mortality of primary biliary cirrhosis in older patients. Age and Ageing 2000, 29(4), 305-309.
- Newton JL, Jordan N, Pearson J, Williams GV, Allen A, James OFW. The adherent gastric antral and duodenal mucus gel layer thins with advancing age in subjects infected with Helicobacter pylori. Gerontology 2000, 46(3), 153-157.
- Newton JL, Allen A, Westley BR, May FEB. The human trefoil peptide, TFF1, is present in different molecular forms that are intimately associated with mucus in normal stomach. Gut 2000, 46(3), 312-320.
- May FEB, Semple J, Newton JL, Westley BR. The human two domain trefoil protein, TFF2, is glycosylated in vivo in the stomach. Gut 2000, 46(4), 454-459.
- Eccles M, Deverill M, McColl E, Newton J, Verrill J. Audit across interfaces. In: Baker, R., Hearnshaw, H.M., Robertson, N, ed. Implementing Change with Clinical Audit. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 1999, pp.95-117.
- Jones DEJ, Watt FE, Grove J, Newton JL, Daly AK, Gregory WL, Day CP, James OFW, Bassendine MF. Tumour necrosis factor-α promoter polymorphisms in primary biliary cirrhosis. Journal of Hepatology 1999, 30(2), 232-236.
- Jordan N, Newton J, Pearson J, Allen A. A novel method for the visualization of the in situ mucus layer in rat and man. Clin Sci (Lond) 1998, 95(1), 97-106.
- Newton JL, Jordan N, Oliver L, Strugala V, Pearson J, James OFW, Allen A. Helicobacter pylori in vivo causes structural changes in the adherent gastric mucus layer but barrier thickness is not compromised. Gut 1998, 43(4), 470-475.
- Newton JL, Burt AD, Park JB, Mathew J, Bassendine MR, James OFW. Autoimmune hepatitis in older patients. Age and Ageing 1997, 26(6), 441-444.
- Oliver L, Newton JL, Jordan N, Goddard P, Dettmar P, Pearson JP, Allen A. Effects of Helicobacter pylori colonisation on the adherent gastric mucus barrier. In: 660th Meeting of the Biochemical Society/Joint Congress with the British Society for Immunology. 1997, Harrogate, UK: Biochemical Society Transactions: Portland Press.
- Allen A, Newton J, Oliver L, Jordan N, Strugala V, Pearson JP, Dettmar PW. Mucus and H. pylori. J Physiol Pharmacol 1997, 48(3), 297-305.
- Newton J, Haimes E. The work of trainer groups: as seen by an observer. In: North of England Study of Standards and Performance in General Practice Research Team, ed. North of England Study of Standards and Performance in General Practice: Final Report. Volume 1: Setting clinical standards within small groups. Newcastle upon Tyne: Health Care Research Unit, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1990, pp.113-140.